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PDF(1098 KB)
面向 2035 年智慧农业发展战略研究
Development Strategy of Smart Agriculture for 2035 in China
发展智慧农业是推动我国农业高质量发展、促进乡村全面振兴的重要内容，开展智慧农业战略研究对于把握我国智慧农业中长期科技布局、厘清发展思路与方向具有积极意义。本文立足国家乡村振兴战略背景，剖析概括了农业高质量发展对智慧农业科技的宏观需求，详细分析了面向 2035 年智慧农业发展的战略构想、重点任务、发展路径。研究表明，发展智慧农业有助于解决现阶段我国农业质量效益不高、竞争力不强等问题，建议加快建立“品种选育 + 数字赋能 + 智能装备”有机融合的智慧农业产业技术体系，注重顶层设计、强化技术攻关、建立差异化补贴机制、坚持“产村”融合、加快应用型人才培养；结合不同经营主体特点、不同产业需求，梯次推进智慧农业发展，支持实现“机器替代人力、电脑替代人脑、自主技术竞争力增强”三大转变，保障我国由农业大国走向农业强国。
Smart agriculture is an important component of high-quality agricultural development and the overall rural revitalization in China. Research on smart agriculture strategy is significant for developing a medium- and long-term scientific and technological layout and clarifying the development ideas and direction of smart agriculture in China. Against the background of rural revitalization, this study summarizes the macro demand of high-quality agricultural development for smart agricultural science and technologies; it also analyzes the strategic conception, strategic tasks, and development route of China’s smart agriculture development toward 2035. Conclusions show that developing smart agriculture helps address the low quality and efficiency and weak competitiveness of China’s agriculture sector. Furthermore, to achieve the replacements of human power with machines and human brains with computers, and promote the independent technological competitiveness of China’s agricultural sector, an industrial technology system for the smart agriculture that integrates biotechnology, information technology, and intelligent equipment should be established; and smart agriculture should be promoted in a staged manner considering different business entities and industrial needs. Specifically, China should strengthen the top-level design, promote technological research, establish a differentiated subsidy mechanism, integrate industry and village, and encourage applied talent training.
智慧农业 / 宏观需求 / 总体构想 / 技术路线 / 智慧农场 / 信息化
smart agriculture / macro demand / overall conception / technical route / smart farm / informatization
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