PDF(574 KB)
PDF(574 KB)
PDF(574 KB)
我国突发公共卫生事件应急救援体系建设研究
Emergency Rescue System for Public Health Emergencies in China
文章阐述了应急救援体系建设在突发公共卫生事件处置中的重要作用，从应急救援处置能力建设的角度，总结了此次抗击新冠肺炎疫情的特点，对抗击疫情的应急救援相关经验教训进行了总结与反思。本文研究内容对完善国家相关政策、制度，筑牢人民群众的生命健康防护网，保持国家安全发展的良好环境等方面具有重要意义。本文梳理了我国突发公共卫生事件应急救援体系构建的三个阶段的主要内容及特征，从机制、资源力量、整体水平三个方面分析了我国突发公共卫生事件应急救援工作存在的问题。在优化应急处置模式、科学布局与功能提升、专业人才队伍建设、应急物资保障、重视基层能力建设、多学科融合、“科研– 疾控– 临床”的协同、健全战时动员机制、加强国际合作、制定行动纲要等方面提出了针对我国突发公共卫生事件应急救援体系发展建设的战略建议。
In this article, we expound the important role of an emergency rescue system in handling public health emergencies, summarize the characteristics of China’s fight against the COVID-19 epidemic from the perspective of emergency rescue capacity building, and reflect on the experiences and lessons regarding emergency rescue to combat the epidemic. This study is expected to help improve relevant national policies and systems, strengthen the health protection net for the people, and maintain a sound environment for national security development in China. Moreover, we summarize the main contents and characteristics of the three stages for developing China’s emergency rescue system and analyze the existing problems from three aspects: mechanism, resources, and overall level. Furthermore, we propose several specific countermeasures and suggestions for the construction of the emergency rescue system for public health emergencies in China from the aspects of handling modes, scientific layout and function promotion, talent team construction, emergency material support, grass-roots capacity building, multi-disciplinary integration, scientific research–disease control–clinical treatment coordination, wartime mobilization mechanism, international cooperation, and action outline formulation.
public health emergencies / emergency rescue / system construction
| [1] |
陈勇. 国家治理现代化框架下的新冠疫情应对策略分析 [J]. 中 国卫生法制, 2021, 29(4): 25–30. Chen Y. Analysis of COVID-19’s coping strategies under the framework of national governance modernization [J]. Chinese Health Legal System, 2021, 29(4): 25–30.
|
| [2] |
Loke A Y, Fung O W. Nurses’ competencies in disaster nursing: Implications for curriculum development and public health [J]. Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2014, 11(3): 3289–3303.
|
| [3] |
Holdo G M, Miles L, Hartwell H. Disaster nursing: Looking to the future in Norway [J]. Journal of Safety and Security Engineering, 2017, 7(3): 431–442.
|
| [4] |
薛澜, 朱琴. 危机管理的国际借鉴: 以美国突发公共卫生事件 应对体系为例 [J]. 中国行政管理, 2003 (8): 51–56. Xue L, Zhu Q. International reference of crisis management: Taking the response system of public health emergencies in the United States as an example [J]. Chines Administration, 2003 (8): 51–56.
|
| [5] |
张红光, 王一镗, 邹圣强. 从“非典”和埃博拉疫情分析传染性疾 病防控的要点 [J]. 中华灾害救援医学, 2014, 2(11): 602–603. Zhang H G, Wang Y T, Zou S Q. Analyze the key points of infectious disease prevention and control from the SARS and Ebola epidemic situation [J]. Chinese Disaster Rescue Medicine, 2014, 2(11): 602–603.
|
| [6] |
王敏, 许培扬, 池慧. 国内外灾害医学现状及发展展望 [J]. 医学 研究杂志, 2009, 38(2): 94–96. Wang M, Xu P Y, Chi H. Present situation and development prospect of disaster medicine at home and abroad [J]. Journal of Medical Research, 2009, 38(2): 94–96.
|
| [7] |
刘东峰, 孙岩松. 重大传染病疫情应急防控实践总结与思考 [J]. 武警医学, 2016, 27(12): 1189–1192. Liu D F, Sun Y S. Summary and reflection on the practice of emergency prevention and control of major infectious diseases [J]. Armed Police Medicine, 2016, 27(12): 1189–1192.
|
| [8] |
王韧, 张文中, 刘红梅, 等. 医疗救护员在院前医疗急救服务中 的应用探索 [J]. 中华灾害救援医学, 2017, 5(9): 518–521. Wang R, Zhang W Z, Liu H M, et al. Application of medical rescuers in pre hospital medical first aid service [J]. Chinese Disaster Rescue Medicine, 2017, 5(9): 518–521.
|
| [9] |
王超男, 廖凯举, 李冰, 等. 中国卫生应急管理体系建设调查分 析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2018, 34(2): 260–264. Wang C N, Liao K J, Li B, et al. Investigation and Analysis on the construction of health emergency management system in China [J]. Public Health in China, 2018, 34(2): 260–264.
|
| [10] |
靳彬, 骆达, 詹引, 等. 医疗机构卫生应急体系建设现状研究[J]. 中国卫生事业管理, 2019, 36(1): 33–34, 80. Jin B, Luo D, Zhan Y, et al. Study on the construction of health emergency system in medical institutions [J]. Chinese Health Administration, 2019, 36(1): 33–34, 80.
|
| [11] |
屈腾佼, 谷仕艳, 李萌竹, 等. 中国卫生应急管理发展现状及面 临挑战 [J]. 中国公共卫生管理, 2019, 35(4): 433–435, 440. Qu T J, Gu S Y, Li M Z, et al. Development status and challenges of health emergency management in China [J]. Public Health Management in China, 2019, 35(4): 433–435, 440.
|
| [12] |
彭碧波, 郑静晨. 新冠肺炎疫情防控的应急医疗经验 [J]. 中国 应急管理, 2020, 14(2): 32–33. Peng B B, Zheng J C. Emergency medical experience in novel coronavirus pneumonia prevention and control [J]. China Emergency Management, 2020, 14(2): 32–33.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
