石化工业是国民经济的支柱产业，是支撑制造业高质量发展的关键领域，开展石化工业高质量发展战略研究对建设制造强国意义重大。本文通过实地调研、会议研讨、资料分析等多种途径，对我国石化工业高质量发展问题进行了系统研究。结果表明：我国虽已跻身世界石化大国前列，但发展质量有待提升，存在“大而不强、快而不优”，产品有效供给能力不足，科技创新引领能力不强等薄弱环节。为加快推动我国石化工业迈向全球产业链和价值链的中高端，建议加强顶层设计，大力引导产业提质增效升级；建立市场化的产能调控机制，加快推动新旧动能转换；加大技术创新支持，支撑产业核心竞争力提升；优化营商环境，构建更加公平的市场竞争环境；完善环境保护政策，促进石化产业安全绿色发展；深化与“一带一路”沿线国家之间的国际合作。

The petrochemical industry is a pillar for China’s economy and a key field for supporting the high-quality development of the manufacturing sector. In this article, we examine China’s petrochemical industry using field research, seminar discussion, and document analysis methods. Although China is at the forefront of petrochemical development worldwide, the development quality of the petrochemical industry still needs to be improved, the product supply is insufficient, and technological innovation is lacking. To promote China’s petrochemical industry up to the middle- and upper-end of the global industrial and value chains, the top-level design should be improved to upgrade the industry in terms of quality and efficiency, and a market-oriented capacity control mechanism should be established to shift the driving forces for development. Moreover, China should focus on technological innovation to promote the core competitiveness of the industry; optimize its domestic business environment to facilitate fair competition; improve environmental policies to promote the safe and green transformation of the petrochemical industry; and deepen international cooperation among countries along the Belt and Road.