西部地区富油煤资源量丰富，具备产业规模化发展的资源基础；科学认识富油煤的油气资源属性，推动以油气为主要产品的富油煤开发与转化，是增加国内油气供给、缓解油气对外依存度、保障国家能源安全的战略方向。本文依据现阶段煤炭资源的勘查成果，估算了西部地区富油煤资源潜力；系统梳理了西部地区富油煤开发利用的现状和存在问题；针对碳达峰、碳中和战略目标，智能绿色开发，弥补油气不足等新要求，论证提出了西部地区富油煤开发利用的基本理念与技术构想。研究认为，富油煤的开发利用，需要着重突破高精度综合勘查、高回采率开采、井下原位热解、热解气化一体化、原位热解半焦CO2封存等关键技术。研究建议，将富油煤纳入非常规油气资源管理，加大富油煤开发利用科技攻关，设立富油煤开发利用国家级示范区，推动西部地区新能源和富油煤协同开发，由此发挥富油煤作为煤基油气资源的特殊优势、实现煤炭资源低碳高值利用。

The resources of tar-rich coal in Western China are abundant and are available for large-scale development. Understanding the oil and gas resource properties of tar-rich coal and promoting the development and transformation of tar-rich coal to produce oil and gas are crucial for increasing domestic oil and gas supply, relieving external dependence on oil and gas, and ensuring national energy security of China. This study estimated the potential of tar-rich coal resources in Western China based on the current exploration results of coal resources, reviewed the current status and existing problems, and proposed the basic concept and technical conception for the development and utilization of tar-rich coal in Western China considering the new requirements for carbon reduction, intelligent green development, and compensation for oil and gas shortage. The study concluded that the development and utilization of tar-rich coal needs to focus on key technologies, including high-precision comprehensive exploration, high-recovery-rate mining, underground in-situ pyrolysis, pyrolysis and gasification integration, and in-situ pyrolysis char CO2 storage. Furthermore, we suggest that the tar-rich coal should be included in the management of unconventional oil and gas resources, scientific and technological research on the development and utilization of tar-rich coal should be strengthened, a national demonstration area should be established, and development of new energy and tar-rich coal in Western China should be coordinated, so as to maximize the special advantages of tar-rich coal as coal-based oil and gas resources and realize the low-carbon and high-value utilization of coal resources.