增材制造作为新兴的制造技术，应用领域不断扩展，成为先进制造领域发展最快的技术方向之一；增材制造产业的发展为现代制造业的培育壮大以及传统制造业的转型升级提供了宝贵契机。本文在分析全球增材制造技术发展态势与产业发展动态的基础上，全面梳理了我国增材制造技术与产业的发展态势，剖析了我国增材制造产业面临的共性技术研究及基础器件能力不足、面向国际市场的专利布局滞后、产业规模与产业集群建设有待深化等问题。着眼增材制造产业前瞻布局，论证提出了生物医药与医疗器械增材制造、大型高性能复杂构件增材制造、空间增材制造、基于增材制造的结构创新与新材料发明等重点发展方向。研究建议：建立增材制造协同创新机制并支持企业开展应用创新，围绕重大装备需求开展增材制造工艺变革专项技术攻关，深化区域性增材制造产业集群建设。

As an emerging manufacturing technology, additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the fastest developing technologies in the advanced manufacturing field with the continuous expansion of its applications. The development of AM industry provides a valuable opportunity for the development of modern manufacturing and the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing. In this paper, developmental trends of the AM technology and industry in China and abroad are systematically summarized, and problems faced by China’s AM industry are analyzed, including inadequate research and development capabilities regarding common technologies and basic devices, lack of effective patent layout for the international market, and insufficient development of industrial scale and clusters. Focusing on a prospective layout of the AM industry, key development directions are proposed, including AM for biomedicine and medical devices, large-scale complex components, space, structural innovation, and new materials. Furthermore, several suggestions are put forward. First, an AM collaborative innovation mechanism should be established to support application innovation of enterprises. Second, special research plans on AM process reforms should be implemented to satisfy the demand for major high-end equipment. Third, the construction of regional AM industrial clusters should be promoted.