构建适应大规模、高比例新能源的新型电力系统，支持实现碳达峰、碳中和发展目标，是能源电力行业的全局性变革举措；透明电网作为“互联网+智慧能源”的高级形态，在支撑能源转型、促进新型电力系统发展方面具有重大价值。本文提出了透明电网能源生态圈概念，梳理了透明电网的主要业务需求、目标愿景、基本特征，规划了透明电网的发展蓝图；阐述了透明电网关键科学与技术体系，包括增量科技创新要素、涉及的理论与科学方法，进而研判了透明电网关键技术与基础装备所需的感知层、网络层、平台层、应用层技术。研究建议，以“透明电网新基建”为核心，推动能源低碳转型，构建安全高效的现代能源体系；开展小微智能传感器、对接国家工业互联网的软件系统、智能装备、数据驱动的电力增值服务科技专项攻关，尽快形成透明电网关键技术与装备体系。本研究突出了透明电网在实现资源优化配置方面的关键作用，可为电力市场驱动的电力能源生态圈研究提供基础参考。

Building a new power system that adapts to large-scale high-proportion new energy sources and supports the achievement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals is an overall reform measure for the energy and power sectors. Transparent power grid is an advanced form of Internet Plus Smart Energy and is crucial for supporting energy transformation and developing new power systems. This paper puts forward a concept of transparent power grid energy ecosystem, sorts out the main business requirements, goals, vision, and basic characteristics of a transparent power grid, and devises a development blueprint for the transparent power grid. A key scientific and technical system of the transparent power grid is elaborated from two perspectives: incremental scientific and technical elements as well as theories and scientific methods involved, and the perception layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer technologies required by the key technologies and basic equipment of the transparent power grid are discussed. The research suggests that, with the “transparent power grid new infrastructure” as the core, the low-carbon transformation of energies should be promoted to build a safe and efficient modern energy system; it is necessary to develop small and micro smart sensors, software systems connected to the national industrial Internet, smart equipment, and data-driven value-added power services. Special scientific and technical research projects should be conducted to form the key technology and equipment systems of the transparent power grid. This paper highlights the key role of the transparent power grid in realizing the optimal allocation of resources, and can provide a basic reference for the research on market-driven power energy ecosystems.