能源是国民经济的命脉，而当前我国能源发展形势严峻，原油、天然气的对外依存度较高；立足以煤为主的基本国情，加强煤炭清洁高效利用是国家战略要求也是现实的必然选择，其中推进煤炭清洁高效转化是重要路径之一。本文梳理了煤炭清洁高效转化发展的基本现状，提炼了高端化、多元化、低碳化、智慧化等产业发展趋势以及煤转化制清洁燃料、煤制大宗及特殊化学品、煤转化过程污染物控制等技术发展趋势。在分析水资源、碳排放、产品竞争力、扶持政策等发展挑战的基础上，提出了规划引领、示范引领、创新引领的发展思路。研究建议，明确煤炭清洁高效转化在能源体系中的战略地位，建立国家煤制油气战略储备机制，加强金融信贷、能源统计政策支持，以研发平台建设提升行业科技创新能力。

Energy is the lifeblood of the national economy. At present, China’s energy development situation is severe, and its external dependence on crude oil and natural gas is relatively high. Considering the national conditions of coal, strengthening the clean and efficient utilization of coal is strategically significant; specifically, the clean and efficient coal transformation is an important approach. This study summarized the status quo of clean and efficient coal transformation, and analyzed the high-end, diversified, low-carbon, and intelligent development trend of the industry as well as the technology development trends that include coal transformation to clean fuels, coal transformation to bulk and special chemicals, and pollutant control in coal transformation. Moreover, the study analyzed the development challenges regarding water resources, carbon emissions, product competitiveness, and supporting policies, and proposed a development idea that is led by planning, demonstration, and innovation. The research suggests that the strategic position of clean and efficient coal transformation in the energy system should be clarified, the national coal-to-oil-and-gas strategic reserve mechanism should be established, financial credit and energy statistics policy support should be strengthened, and the scientific and technological innovation ability should be improved by building research and development platforms.