以交通拥堵、环境污染为代表的“大城市病”已经成为影响城市高质量发展和城市居民生活质量的制约性因素，推进交通系统与土地使用深度融合的以公共交通为导向的开发（TOD）模式是综合解决上述问题的关键举措。本文采用机理分析方法，研究了交通与土地利用的作用机制，分析了交通与土地利用融合发展模式与常规发展模式在用地布局、人口密度分布上的差异，论证了TOD模式下的人口分布及其与交通系统的耦合关系特征；在分析我国TOD发展现状及问题的基础上，剖析了代表性案例的TOD模式特点与经验，认为不同环境条件下的TOD内涵、发展目标及路径均有所不同。提出了城市空间合理结构及其与交通系统深度融合的基本思路、规划设计原则、实现途径，涵盖城市群范围内的城市空间布局结构（宏观）、都市圈与中心城区范围内的组团结构（中观）、轨道交通站点及其周边用地结构（微观）3 个层次。研究建议，在管理统筹、法律政策、标准规范、利益分配、规划审批、激励机制、公众参与等方面采取行动，为深化TOD模式应用、提升城市建设水平提供支持。

Traffic congestion and environmental pollution restrain the high-quality development of cities and the improvement of residents' living quality. A transit-oriented-development (TOD) model that integrates transportation with land use is key to solving the abovementioned problems. This study uses mechanism analysis to investigate the relationship between transportation and land use, analyzes the differences between TOD and conventional models regarding land use patterns and population distribution, and investigates the population distribution characteristics of the TOD model and its coupling relationship with transportation. Moreover, the current status and problems of TOD in China are analyzed through case study, indicating that the implications, development goals, and paths of TOD models vary for different scenarios. Additionally, a reasonable urban spatial structure is proposed comprising urban spatial structures at three levels: urban agglomerations, metropolitan and downtown areas, and rail transit stations and their surrounding areas. The basic ideas, planning and design principles, and implementation paths for the deep integration of the proposed structure with transportation are explored. Furthermore, we suggest that measures should be taken in terms of management planning, laws and policies, standards and specifications, benefit distribution, planning approval, incentive mechanism, and public participation, thereby providing support for TOD model application and for improving urban construction.