农业微生物产业作为利用农业微生物资源和生物技术形成的生物科技产业和高增值农业，涉及种植业、养殖业、农业环境等，在保障粮食安全、提升耕地质量、促进农业减排方面具有重要意义。本文从微生物肥料、饲用微生物产品、微生物农药、酶制剂微生物产品、农业废弃物资源化利用等方向，梳理了我国农业微生物产业的发展现状，进而总结了农业微生物技术与产业发展趋势；在研判种质资源、技术研究、产品研发、行业标准等农业微生物产业发展面临问题的基础上，提出了布局科研平台专项、建设数据信息系统、加强微生物种业创新、构建法律法规体系等重点举措。建立完善的产业政策体系和相关配套措施，健全农业微生物产业创新体系，孵化参与国际竞争的高科技企业，以此保障我国农业微生物产业高质量发展。

Agricultural microbial industry is a kind of biotechnology industry and high value-added agriculture formed by using agricultural microbial resources and biotechnology, involving in many fields such as planting, breeding and agricultural environment. Agricultural microbial industry is now becoming an important growth point of national strategic emerging industries, which plays vital roles in ensuring national food security, improving the quality of cultivated land and increasing agricultural emission reduction. The purpose of this paper is to study the development strategy of agricultural microbial industry, to elaborate the characteristics, pain points and opportunities of industrial development, and to put forward suggestions and countermeasures. The results show that microorganisms and their related technologies have become the key way to solve the sustainable development of agriculture in China: the breakthrough of basic research and key technologies has promoted the agricultural microorganisms into a new round of technological revolution; the exploration and utilization of microbial resources has reached a new stage; the subdivision industries have ushered in a period of rapid development opportunity. At the same time, China's agricultural microbial industry is also faced with problems such as low rate of core strain autonomy and sharing, relatively weak basic research, and lagging product development. It is suggested that China's agricultural microbial industry should strengthen source innovation, break through cutting-edge key technologies, accelerate the construction of national microbial germplasm resources scientific equipment, and build a new platform for scientific and technological innovation and industrial development.