PNT体系视角下卫星导航与不依赖卫星导航技术融合发展研究

郭树人, 姜坤, 李星, 刘刚, 李平, 李林泽, 郭思远

中国工程科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2) : 50-58.

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中国工程科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2) : 50-58. DOI: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.006
北斗规模应用国际化发展战略研究
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PNT体系视角下卫星导航与不依赖卫星导航技术融合发展研究

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Integrated Development of Satellite and Satellite-Independent Navigation Technologies from the Perspective of PNT System

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摘要

卫星导航自问世以来以其全天候、全天时、低成本的优势，成为广泛使用的导航定位授时（PNT）方式；但在应用层面，为了规避对卫星导航单一手段的过度依赖，“不依赖卫星导航技术”概念被提出并受到重视，如何准确把握两者之间的关系成为现实而迫切的问题。本文概述了卫星导航技术特征与体系定位，进而基于PNT体系视角，对比分析了惯性导航、匹配导航、无线电导航（除卫星导航外）等典型不依赖卫星导航技术的性能、成本、应用场景；辨析了卫星导航与不依赖卫星导航的关系，明晰了卫星导航作为最大共性需求满足者、体系核心与基石的总体定位，量化分析了卫星导航与不依赖卫星导航技术融合的效能。我国PNT体系的科学发展，需要创新突破不依赖卫星导航技术，促进卫星导航和不依赖卫星导航技术深度融合，同时加快低轨导航系统建设，提升卫星导航性能并最大化体系贡献率。

Abstract

Satellite navigation has all-weather, all-time, and low-cost advantages and has become the most widely used means of positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service since its inception. However, to avoid excessive reliance on the single means of satellite navigation at the application level, the concept of satellite-independent navigation technology has been proposed and received attention. How to accurately understand the relationship between satellite and satellite-independent navigation technologies has become a realistic and urgent issue. The technological characteristics and system positioning of satellite navigation are summarized in this study. The performances, costs, and application scenarios of typical satellite independent navigation technologies such as inertial navigation, matching navigation, and radio navigation (except for satellite navigation) are comparatively analyzed from a PNT system perspective. The relationship between satellite and satellite-independent navigation technologies is comprehensively analyzed. The overall positioning of satellite navigation as the most common demand satisfied and the core and cornerstone of the PNT system is further clarified. Additionally, the fusion efficiency is quantitatively analyzed. The scientific development of China's PNT system requires the innovative development of satellite-independent navigation technologies, and the deep integration of satellite and satellite-independent navigation technologies should be promoted. Moreover, the construction of low-orbit navigation systems should be accelerated to improve satellite navigation performance and maximizing system contribution.

关键词

PNT体系 / 卫星导航 / 不依赖卫星导航 / 技术融合 / 体系发展

Keywords

positioning, navigation, and timing system / satellite navigation / satellite-independent navigation / technology integration / system development

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郭树人, 姜坤, 李星. PNT体系视角下卫星导航与不依赖卫星导航技术融合发展研究. 中国工程科学. 2023, 25(2): 50-58 https://doi.org/10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.006

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基金
中国工程院咨询项目“国家时空信息安全战略研究”(2022-XY-131)
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