碳达峰、碳中和战略目标进入了实施阶段，给处于快速发展期的民用航空（民航）运输业带来了新的压力与挑战，相应碳减排策略研究获得国内外高度关注。本文梳理了国际民航（主要指商用飞机）运输业低碳化发展的形势与要求，研判了我国民航运输业低碳化发展的宏观形势、发展现状和面临问题，提出了相应发展目标和基本思路。通过行业规划、产品创新、低碳能源、航空公司运营等方面的共同努力，到2060 年我国民航运输业将如期实现碳中和，全面形成绿色低碳的发展格局。技术创新是推动民航运输业低碳化转型的核心驱动力，建议布局低碳商用飞机产品研发和关键技术攻关、加快推进可持续航空燃料的市场化应用、发展智慧航空以促进低碳运营，从而促成我国民航运输业高质量发展。

The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals have brought significant pressure and challenges to China’s civil aviation industry. Research on carbon reduction strategies for the industry has attracted great attention from China and abroad. This study summarizes the development status of and requirements for the low-carbon development of the global aviation industry (particularly commercial aircrafts), analyzes the carbon reduction status and problems of China’s civil aviation industry, and proposes corresponding development goals and basic ideas. Through industrial planning, product innovation, low-carbon energy utilization, and airline operation, carbon neutralization of China’s civil aviation industry is expected to be achieved by 2060, thus to form a green and low-carbon development pattern. Technological innovation is the key driving force for promoting the low-carbon transformation of the civil aviation industry. Therefore, we propose the following suggestions: planning the development and key technology research of low-carbon commercial aircrafts, accelerating the commercial application of sustainable aviation fuels, and developing intelligent aviation to promote low-carbon operations.