建筑业碳减排是实现“双碳”战略目标的重要依托，也是推进建筑业低碳转型的内在要求。本文分析了我国建筑业碳排放的现状，识别出建材生产阶段、建筑运行阶段是建筑全过程碳排放的关键阶段，建筑业碳排放增速持续放缓且碳排放呈现自南向北、自西向东递增的空间特征；剖析了包括政策标准体系、节能降碳技术、既有建筑碳排放、碳排放统计监测、绿色金融体系、减排降碳意识等我国建筑业碳减排及低碳发展面临的关键问题；以“系统推进、分类施策、双轮驱动、稳妥有序”为指导方针，提出了建筑业低碳转型的“分步走”目标。结合建筑业低碳发展的内在需求，研究建议，完善制度及标准体系、优化节能技术使用、推动既有建筑降碳、推进绿色金融引领、提高碳排放监测能力、提升节能降碳意识，以期为推动我国建筑业高质量发展提供参考。

Carbon emission reduction in the construction industry is crucial for promoting low-carbon transformation of the industry and for realizing the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. This study analyzes the current status of carbon emissions in Chinese construction industry. It identifies that the production of building materials and the operation of buildings are the primary sources of carbon emissions in the overall construction process. Moreover, the growth rate of carbon emissions from the construction industry in China is decelerating, and the spatial characteristics of carbon emissions demonstrate an increase from the south to the north and from the west to the east. We have identified six key challenges that must be addressed to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the construction industry of China: policy and standards framework, energy-efficient and carbon-reducing technologies, reduction of carbon emissions from existing buildings, carbon emission data collection and monitoring systems, green financial system, and increased awareness of carbon reduction. Staged goals for the low-carbon development of the construction industry are also proposed. Furthermore, we suggest improving related policies and standards system, optimizing the use of energy-saving technologies, reducing carbon emissions in existing buildings, developing green finance, improving the ability to monitor carbon emissions, and enhancing the awareness of energy conservation and carbon reduction, so as to provide references for the low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of China's construction industry.