第六代移动通信（6G）将开启“智赋万物、智慧内生”的信息技术新时代，相应技术研究成为移动通信行业的新热潮；在我国已开展第五代移动通信（5G）大规模商用的背景下，明晰6G发展需求、把握6G发展态势、提出6G发展布局，对于加快推动数字经济发展、抢占未来国际竞争优势具有重要意义。本文从应用深度不够、需求覆盖不足、投入收益不高等角度凝练了5G发展遗留而有待6G攻克的问题，指出一些关键应用场景、未来军事应用等亟需6G赋能；全面梳理了发达国家和发展中大国的6G战略部署情况，阐明了6G商用继续赋能传统产业优化升级、6G关键核心技术将实现重大突破、6G网络安全将事关国家安全体系现代化等重大趋势。我国6G发展在研发投入、技术标准、开放生态、网络安全和隐私保护等方面面临突出挑战，需要运用新型举国体制以突破技术创新壁垒、以6G标准为目标方向来增强通信标准话语权、深化6G国际合作以构建开放共赢的全球产业生态、攻关6G核心技术以建立安全可控技术体系。相关态势研判与发展建议可为我国6G技术发展与创新应用提供理论启示和现实参考。

The sixth-generation mobile communications (6G) will usher in a new era of information technology that is characterized by “intelligence empowering all things and wisdom being self-generated”. Simultaneously, corresponding technological research has become a new trend in the mobile communication industry. In the context of large-scale commercialization of the fifth-generation mobile communications (5G) in China, it is of great significance to clarify the development needs, understand the development trend, and propose the development layout of 6G for accelerating the development of the digital economy and seizing the international competitive advantage in the future. This study summarizes the problems of 5G development that still need to be addressed by 6G, including insufficient application depth, inadequate demand coverage, and low return on investment. It points out some key application scenarios that urgently need 6G empowerment, and comprehensively reviews the strategic deployment of 6G in developed and major developing countries, clarifying major trends such as optimizing and upgrading traditional industries through 6G commercialization, achieving major breakthroughs in 6G key core technologies, and strengthening 6G network security to modernize the national security system. Currently, China’s development of 6G faces prominent challenges regarding research and development investment,technology standards, open ecology, network security, and privacy protection. Therefore, it is necessary to use the new national system to break through technological innovation barriers, enhance the formulation of 6G standards, deepen international cooperation on 6G to build an open and win-win global industrial ecosystem, and develop core 6G technologies to establish a secure and controllable technical system. This study is expected to provide theoretical inspirations and practical references for the development and innovative application of 6G technology in China.