智慧公路建设是积极应对当前公路网在交通安全、运行效率、服务水平、管理能力等方面面临的诸多挑战，实现我国公路交通高质量发展的有效途径。本文梳理了智慧公路概念的内涵特征，结合国情和发展实际提出了智慧公路总体架构；在总结我国智慧公路发展现状的基础上，明晰了认知及规划、标准规范、政策规章、治理机制等方面的发展挑战，进而从近期、中期、远期3 个层面详细论证了我国智慧公路的详细建设目标。研究认为，我国智慧公路建设的重点任务包括智慧化建造、基础设施数字化、车路协同自动驾驶、新一代公路智能税费征收系统、智慧养护、智慧服务区、智慧安全应急、智慧公路“四网融合”，需要在制定行业指导文件、完善协同推进机制、研制标准规范体系、研究公路里程税改革、实施支持性产业政策和举措等方面开展积极行动。相关研究成果突出了系统性、前瞻性、可实施性，以期促进智慧公路健康发展、深化智慧公路技术探索与应用实践。

Smart highways are vital for actively coping with various challenges regarding traffic safety, operation efficiency, service level, and management capabilities of current road networks, and for realizing the high-quality development of road networks in China. This study clarifies the implications and characteristics of smart highways and proposes an overall structure of smart highways based on national conditions and development realities. Subsequently, it summarizes the development status of smart highways in China, clarifies the development challenges in terms of cognition and planning, standards and norms, policies and regulations, and governance mechanisms, and proposes the short-, medium-, and long-term goals of smart highway construction in China. Moreover, key tasks for smart highway construction in China include intelligent construction, infrastructure digitization, automatic driving based on vehicle – road collaboration, new-generation intelligent systems for highway tax and fee collection, intelligent maintenance, intelligent service areas, intelligent emergency response, and integration of infrastructure, communications, energy, and service networks for intelligent highways. Further efforts should focus on the formulation of industry guidance documents, improvement in collaborative promotion mechanisms, development of standards and norm systems, study of highway mileage tax reforms, and implementation of supportive industrial policies and measures. Results of this study are systematic, forward-looking, and implementable, and are hoped to promote the healthy development of smart highways and deepen the research and application of relevant technologies.