Digital technology is an important driving force for agricultural modernization in China. Developing modern agriculture in China's southwest mountainous areas using digital technologies is crucial for rural revitalization and common prosperity and is an inevitable requirement for realizing Chinese path to modernization. This study expounds the concept connotation and operation logic of digital agriculture in southwest mountainous areas. Based on public statistics and field survey data, it analyzes the current status of digital agriculture development in southwest mountainous areas from the aspects of coordination of relevant subjects, infrastructure construction, production and sales link application, and population structure, and further clarifies the practical difficulties faced by the development. Furthermore, the study suggests that we should improve the multi-party cooperation mechanism, strengthen the construction of digital infrastructure, broaden the application scenarios of digital agriculture, and promote digital personnel training in rural areas, thus to deepen the development of digital agriculture in the southwest mountainous areas.