海洋监测仪器装备是关心海洋、认识海洋、经略海洋的基础保障和重要前提，虽然我国海洋监测仪器装备技术水平与业务化应用近年来进步显著，但相比海洋发达国家仍在“卡脖子”技术、关键设备研制方面存在一定差距。本文从全球海洋立体观测网、国家近海业务化观测系统、海洋环境监测探测技术与核心装备3 个层面着手，辨识并剖析了我国海洋监测仪器装备的发展需求，梳理了我国海洋监测仪器装备发展现状；对标国际先进水平，阐述了我国海洋监测仪器装备在政策及机制体制、原始创新与基础科研、共性关键技术、技术标准及测试、国产化与产业化等方面存在的问题，进一步展望了相关领域的重点发展方向。提出了构建海洋监测仪器创新体系、壮大海洋监测仪器产业、建设海洋公共试验基础设施等建议，可为我国业务化海洋立体监测体系发展研究提供参考。

Marine monitoring instruments and equipments are crucial for understanding and managing the ocean. In recent years, significant achievements have been obtained in the technologies and application of marine monitoring instruments and equipments in China. However, China still lags behind developed countries in terms of core technologies and equipment for marine monitoring. This study analyzes the development requirements and development status of China’s marine monitoring instruments and equipment from the aspects of global ocean stereoscopic observation system, national nearshore operational observation system, and technologies and core equipment for marine environment monitoring and detection. Moreover, it elaborates on the problems existing in China’s marine monitoring instruments and equipment in terms of policies and mechanisms, original innovation and basic scientific research, common key technologies, technical standards and testing, as well as cincization and industrialization. Furthermore, we propose key development directions and several suggestions including (1) establishing an innovative system of marine monitoring instruments, (2) expanding the marine monitoring instrument industry, and (3) building a marine public test infrastructure, hoping to provide a reference for the development and research of China’s operational marine stereoscopic monitoring system.