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我国海洋退役油气平台低碳化改建方案构想
王国荣, 黄泽奇, 周守为, 刘清友, 钟林, 郭欣承, 陈勇, 陈义哲, 黄春海
中国工程科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4) : 245-258.
PDF(1667 KB)
PDF(1667 KB)
我国海洋退役油气平台低碳化改建方案构想
Proposal for Low-Carbon Transformation of Decommissioned Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms in China
海洋退役油气平台低碳化改建是集约利用资源、充分挖掘退役平台经济及生态效益的优选模式，是维护和提升海洋领域碳减排能力的重要举措；然而，我国海洋领域绿色低碳开发进程刚刚起步，退役海洋油气平台低碳化改建多停留在概念设想层面，亟需立足低碳化技术提出切实可行的综合性改建方案。本文完成了我国退役油气平台处置现状和低碳化技术水平的调研分析，提出了构建海上碳循环利用枢纽的改建主导形式以及3条低碳化改建路线，明确了平台安全评估、改建方案选取策略、全生命周期环境保护等平台改建的关键工程实施策略。针对平台改建法规及政策缺失、海洋领域低碳化技术应用存在短板、跨产业合作机制不明确等现实问题，建议健全平台改建法规及引导政策；聚焦核心技术装备的海上应用性能，优化技术理论支撑，加紧国产装备转型；优先开展退役平台的改建示范工程，以推动我国海洋退役平台低碳化改建进程。
The low-carbon transformation of decommissioned offshore oil and gas platforms is an optimal model for intensive resource utilization and for fully exploiting the economic and ecological benefits of decommissioned platforms. It is also an important measure to maintain and enhance the carbon reduction capacity of the marine sector. However, the green and low-carbon development process in China's marine sector is just beginning, and the low-carbon transformation of decommissioned offshore oil and gas platforms mostly remains at the conceptual stage, urgently requiring practical and feasible comprehensive transformation plans based on low-carbon technologies. This study completes a survey and analysis of the current status of the disposal of decommissioned oil and gas platforms in China and the level of low-carbon technologies. It proposes a main form of transformation for constructing an offshore carbon recycling hub and three low-carbon transformation routes, clarifying key engineering implementation strategies for platform transformation, including platform safety assessment, selection strategies for transformation plans, and full lifecycle environmental protection. In response to practical issues such as the lack of regulations and policies for platform transformation, shortcomings in the application of low-carbon technologies in the marine sector, and unclear cross-industry cooperation mechanisms, it is recommended to improve platform transformation regulations and guiding policies. It is also necessary to focus on the offshore application performance of core technical equipment, optimize theoretical support for technology, and accelerate the transformation of domestic equipment. Priority should be given to carrying out demonstration projects for the transformation of decommissioned platforms to promote the low-carbon transformation process of decommissioned offshore platforms in China.
退役油气平台 / 低碳化改建 / 碳循环利用枢纽 / 平台改建逻辑
decommissioned oil and gas platforms / low-carbon transformation / carbon cycle utilization hub / platform transformation logic
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