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高温超导电缆应用场景与产业发展
Application Scenarios and Industrial Development of High-Temperature Superconducting Cables
高温超导电缆具有容量大、损耗低、自限流、环境友好等突出优点，是解决城市电网升级难题、实现高效率电力传输、赋能大容量电力应用的新兴解决方案，探讨相关产业发展兼具基础研究与工程应用价值。本文剖析了高温超导电缆的技术特点与应用要素，凝练了超级开关站、大电流专线、数据中心供电、基于新能源的电解铝与电解水制氢、集中型充电站、城市轨道交通、大容量直流电网等高温超导电缆的应用场景；从国际、国内两方面总结了高温超导电缆的研制及应用进展，尤其是全面梳理了我国的关键产品研制、关键技术研究、工程项目实施情况。进一步探讨了加强运维技术、攻克大型制冷机技术、降低工程整体造价、与传统电网设施的耦合、形成收益共享机制等高温超导电缆产业未来发展挑战，并针对性地提出了发展建议。相关内容可为高温超导电缆产业高质量发展研究提供参考。
High-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables, with their prominent advantages of large capacity, low loss, current self-limit, and environment friendliness, are a new promising solution for addressing the challenges regarding urban power grid upgrades, large-capacity power applications, and efficient power transmission. Exploring the development of related industries has both basic research and engineering application values. This study analyzes the technical characteristics and application elements of HTS cables and summarizes the application scenarios of HTS cables, including super switch stations, high-current-dedicated lines, data center power supply, electrolytic aluminum and electrolytic water hydrogen production using new energy, centralized charging stations, urban rail transit, and large-capacity direct-current power grids. Moreover, this study summarizes the development and application progress of HTS cables from both international and domestic perspectives, comprehensively reviewing the key product development, key technology research, and engineering project implementation in China. Further exploration was conducted on future development challenges, including strengthening operation and maintenance technologies, overcoming large-scale refrigeration technologies, reducing overall project costs, coupling with traditional power grid facilities, and forming a profit sharing mechanism. Targeted development suggestions are also proposed. This study is expected to provide references for the high-quality development of HTS cables.
高温超导电缆 / 高温超导带材 / 制冷机 / 智能化监控 / 应用场景 / 示范线路
high-temperature superconducting cable / high-temperature superconducting tapes / refrigerating machine / intelligent monitoring / application scenario / demonstration line
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