PDF(3338 KB)
PDF(3338 KB)
PDF(3338 KB)
高质量建设国家水网工程的思考与建议
Thoughts and Suggestions on High-Quality Construction of National Water Network Project
实施国家水网重大工程，加快构建国家水网，对全面提升我国水安全保障水平，支撑经济社会高质量发展具有重大战略意义。本文从我国水安全形势出发，论述了高质量建设国家水网工程的重大意义，以南水北调中线一期工程、引江补汉工程和渝西水资源配置工程为例，从规划、建造、运行3个方面总结了国家水网重大工程的技术成果和实践经验；探讨了高质量建设国家水网工程面临的关键挑战，提出了未来高质量建设国家水网工程的重点技术攻关方向，包括国家水网工程体系构建与功效评价、国家水网工程安全智能建造与运营维护、国家水网工程智能调控等。研究建议，加快推进南水北调后续工程建设，完善国家水网主骨架和大动脉；加快完善区域水网工程布局，支撑国家重大区域发展战略建设；推进多网融合示范工程建设，提升工程综合效益；推进重大水网工程全过程数字化建设，提升水网服务社会经济发展能力，助力高质量建设国家水网工程，为保障我国未来水安全奠定基础。
Developing major projects concerning the national water network and shoring up the construction of the national water network has strategic significance in comprehensively improving China's capacity to guarantee its water security and supporting its high-quality economic and social development. This study first discusses the necessity and urgency of constructing national water network projects based on China's water security situation. Consequently, it summarizes the technical achievements and practical experience regarding the construction from the aspects of planning, construction, and operation, drawing from the examples of the first stage of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project, the water diversion project from the Three Gorges Reservoir to the Hanjiang River, and the water resource allocation project in the west region of Chongqing. Moreover, it explores the challenges in the high-quality construction of national water network projects and proposes several key technological research directions, including the construction principles and effectiveness evaluation systems, intelligent construction and performance maintenance, and intelligent regulation of the national water network projects. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed to promote high-quality construction of national water network projects and to guarantee future water security: (1) accelerating the construction of the follow-up projects of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project to complete the main framework of the national water network, (2) optimizing the regional layout of the water network project to support China's major regional development strategies, (3) promoting the demonstration projects that integrate the development of water network with other networks so as to enhance comprehensive benefits, and (4) promoting the application of digital technologies throughout the entire process of the construction and enhancing the water network's ability to serve social and economic development.
国家水网工程 / 水资源均衡配置 / 智能建造 / 智能调控 / 水安全保障
national water network project / balanced allocation of water resources / intelligent construction / intelligent regulation / water security guarantee
| [1] |
王浩, 左其亭, 蒋云钟. 关于国家水安全学的设立及学科体系构建的探讨 [J]. 水科学进展, 2022, 33(6): 859‒867.
Wang H, Zuo Q T, Jiang Y Z. Proposition of national water safety discipline and construction of its discipline system [J]. Advances in Water Science, 2022, 33(6): 859‒867.
|
| [2] |
林志慧, 刘宪锋, 陈瑛, 等. 水 ‒ 粮食 ‒ 能源纽带关系研究进展与展望 [J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(7): 1591‒1604.
Lin Z H, Liu X F, Chen Y, et al. Water‒food‒energy nexus: Progress, challenges and prospect [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(7): 1591‒1604.
|
| [3] |
赵英, 王海霞, 王毅, 等. 黄河流域农业水资源高效利用与优化配置研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2023, 25(4): 158‒168.
Zhao Y, Wang H X, Wang Y, et al. Efficient utilization and optimal allocation of agricultural water resources in the Yellow River basin [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2023, 25(4): 158‒168.
|
| [4] |
钮新强. 国家水网规划建设体系及关键问题探讨 [J]. 长江技术经济, 2023, 7(5): 24‒30.
Niu X Q. Insights on planning and construction of the national water network [J]. Technology and Economy of Changjiang, 2023, 7(5): 24‒30.
|
| [5] |
李原园, 赵钟楠, 姜大川. 国家水网各层级协同建设思考 [J]. 中国水利, 2024 (19): 31‒36.
Li Y Y, Zhao Z N, Jiang D C. Establishment of collaboration for national water network construction at all levels [J]. China Water Resources, 2024 (19): 31‒36.
|
| [6] |
王浩, 赵勇, 等. 国家水网 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2024.
Wang H, Zhao Y, et al. National water grid [M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2024.
|
| [7] |
金凤君, 叶志聪, 陈卓, 等. 面向中国式现代化的国家水网建设方向与战略途径 [J]. 经济地理, 2024, 44(1): 148‒156.
Jin F J, Ye Z C, Chen Z, et al. National water network construction for serving the Chinese path to modernization: Development direction and strategic approach [J]. Economic Geography, 2024, 44(1): 148‒156.
|
| [8] |
李原园, 李云玲, 何君. 新发展阶段中国水资源安全保障战略对策 [J]. 水利学报, 2021, 52(11): 1340‒1346, 1354.
Li Y Y, Li Y L, He J. Strategic countermeasures for China's water resources security in the new development stage [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2021, 52(11): 1340‒1346, 1354.
|
| [9] |
赵勇, 王浩, 马浩, 等. 中国"双T"型水网经济格局建设构想 [J]. 水利学报, 2022, 53(11): 1271‒1279, 1290.
Zhao Y, Wang H, Ma H, et al. Conception of China's "double T"-shaped water network economic pattern construction [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2022, 53(11): 1271‒1279, 1290.
|
| [10] |
张金良. 构建黄河流域水网的思考 [J]. 水资源保护, 2022, 38(4): 1‒5.
Zhang J L. Thoughts on construction of water network in the Yellow River Basin [J]. Water Resources Protection, 2022, 38(4): 1‒5.
|
| [11] |
郭旭宁, 李云玲, 唱彤, 等. "荆楚安澜"现代水网建设思路与实施路径 [J]. 水资源保护, 2023, 39(3): 1‒7.
Guo X N, Li Y L, Chang T, et al. Construction thought and implementation pathway of "Jingchu'anlan" modern water network [J]. Water Resources Protection, 2023, 39(3): 1‒7.
|
| [12] |
姜大川, 赵钟楠, 何奇峰, 等. 关于推进成渝地区水网建设的若干思考 [J]. 中国水利, 2023 (9): 4‒6.
Jiang D C, Zhao Z N, He Q F, et al. Thoughts of promoting the construction of the water network in Chengdu-Chongqing region [J]. China Water Resources, 2023 (9): 4‒6.
|
| [13] |
王易初, 倪晋仁. 全球水系格局与水网构建研究进展 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2023, 43(3): 1074‒1086.
Wang Y C, Ni J R. Recent progress of the global river network patterns and water network constructions [J]. China Environmental Science, 2023, 43(3): 1074‒1086.
|
| [14] |
徐宗学, 庞博, 冷罗生. 河湖水系连通工程与国家水网建设研究 [J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2022, 20(4): 757‒764.
Xu Z X, Pang B, Leng L S. Research on the construction of river-lake system connectivity and national water network [J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2022, 20(4): 757‒764.
|
| [15] |
杨贵羽, 王浩, 吕映, 等. 国家水网建设对保障国家粮食安全战略作用研究 [J]. 中国水利, 2022 (9): 34‒37.
Yang G Y, Wang H, Lyu Y, et al. Analysis on the function of national water network construction to guarantee national food security strategy [J]. China Water Resources, 2022 (9): 34‒37.
|
| [16] |
张建云, 金君良. 国家水网建设几个方面问题的讨论 [J]. 水利发展研究, 2023, 23(11): 1‒7.
Zhang J Y, Jin J L. Discussion on several issues concerning the construction of national water network [J]. Water Resources Development Research, 2023, 23(11): 1‒7.
|
| [17] |
夏军, 陈进, 佘敦先, 等. 变化环境下中国现代水网建设的机遇与挑战 [J]. 地理学报, 2023, 78(7): 1608‒1617.
Xia J, Chen J, She D X, et al. Opportunities and challenges of national water network construction under changing environment [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2023, 78(7): 1608‒1617.
|
| [18] |
左其亭, 田锦涛, 秦西, 等. 面向新质生产力发展需求的国家水网建设关键内容及研究展望 [J]. 南水北调与水利科技(中英文), 2024, 22(4): 625‒631.
Zuo Q T, Tian J T, Qin X, et al. Key contents and research prospects of national water network construction for the development of new quality productive forces [J]. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2024, 22(4): 625‒631.
|
| [19] |
张建云, 王国庆, 金君良, 等. 1956—2018年中国江河径流演变及其变化特征 [J]. 水科学进展, 2020, 31(2): 153‒161.
Zhang J Y, Wang G Q, Jin J L, et al. Evolution and variation characteristics of the recorded runoff for the major rivers in China during 1956—2018 [J]. Advances in Water Science, 2020, 31(2): 153‒161.
|
| [20] |
刘昌明, 田巍, 刘小莽, 等. 黄河近百年径流量变化分析与认识 [J]. 人民黄河, 2019, 41(10): 11‒15.
Liu C M, Tian W, Liu X M, et al. Analysis and understanding on runoff variation of the Yellow River in recent 100 years [J]. Yellow River, 2019, 41(10): 11‒15.
|
| [21] |
张建云, 贺瑞敏, 齐晶, 等. 关于中国北方水资源问题的再认识 [J]. 水科学进展, 2013, 24(3): 303‒310.
Zhang J Y, He R M, Qi J, et al. A new perspective on water issues in North China [J]. Advances in Water Science, 2013, 24(3): 303‒310.
|
| [22] |
高歌, 李莹, 陈逸骁, 等. 30年来中国干旱时空规律演变特征 [J]. 中国防汛抗旱, 2023, 33(7): 1‒8.
Gao G, Li Y, Chen Y X, et al. The evolution characteristics of drought spatio-temporal law in China in the recent 30 years [J]. China Flood & Drought Management, 2023, 33(7): 1‒8.
|
| [23] |
中华人民共和国水利部. 中国水旱灾害防御公报2021 [M]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2022.
Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. China flood and drought disaster prevention bulletin 2021 [M]. Beijing: China Water Power Press, 2022.
|
| [24] |
中华人民共和国水利部. 中国水旱灾害防御公报2022 [M]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2023.
Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. China flood and drought disaster prevention bulletin 2022 [M]. Beijing: China Water Power Press, 2023.
|
| [25] |
World Meteorological Organization. WMO atlas of mortality and economic losses from weather, climate and water extremes (1970—2019) [R]. Geneva: World Meteorological Organization, 2021.
|
| [26] |
曹晓峰, 胡承志, 齐维晓, 等. 京津冀区域水资源及水环境调控与安全保障策略 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2019, 21(5): 130‒136.
Cao X F, Hu C Z, Qi W X, et al. Strategies for water resources regulation and water environment protection in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2019, 21(5): 130‒136.
|
| [27] |
"黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略研究"综合组. 黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展协同战略体系研究 [J]. 中国工程科学 , 2022, 24(1): 94‒103.
The Comprehensive Research Group for Research on Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development Strategy of the Yellow River Basin. Coordinated strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24(1): 94‒103.
|
| [28] |
蒋云钟, 严子奇, 贾绍凤, 等. 全球变化背景下特大干旱综合应对研究框架 [J]. 水利学报, 2023, 54(3): 347‒357.
Jiang Y Z, Yan Z Q, Jia S F, et al. Initiatives on comprehensive response to severe drought in the context of global changes [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2023, 54(3): 347‒357.
|
| [29] |
胡庆芳, 陈秀敏, 高娟, 等. 水平衡与国土空间协调发展战略研究 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24(5): 63‒74.
Hu Q F, Chen X M, Gao J, et al. Coordinated development between water balance and territory space [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24(5): 63‒74.
|
| [30] |
杨会峰, 曹文庚, 支传顺, 等. 近40年来华北平原地下水位演变研究及其超采治理建议 [J]. 中国地质, 2021, 48(4): 1142‒1155.
Yang H F, Cao W G, Zhi C S, et al. Evolution of groundwater level in the North China Plain in the past 40 years and suggestions on its overexploitation treatment [J]. Geology in China, 2021, 48(4): 1142‒1155.
|
| [31] |
郭晓东, 王晓光, 刘强, 等. 松花江 ‒ 辽河流域地下水资源及其生态环境问题 [J]. 中国地质, 2021, 48(4): 1062‒1074.
Guo X D, Wang X G, Liu Q, et al. Groundwater resources and ecological environment in Songhua River-Liaohe River basin [J]. Geology in China, 2021, 48(4): 1062‒1074.
|
| [32] |
姚仕明, 江宇琪, 丁兵, 等. 南方平原河网河流生态需水研究进展 [J]. 长江科学院院报, 2024, 41(9): 192‒199.
Yao S M, Jiang Y Q, Ding B, et al. Research progress in ecological water demand of rivers in the plain river network of South China [J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(9): 192‒199.
|
| [33] |
舒章康, 李文鑫, 张建云, 等. 中国极端降水和高温历史变化及未来趋势 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24(5): 116‒125.
Shu Z K, Li W X, Zhang J Y, et al. Historical changes and future trends of extreme precipitation and high temperature in China [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24(5): 116‒125.
|
| [34] |
中华人民共和国水利部. 南水北调工程总体规划 [R]. 北京: 中华人民共和国水利部, 2002.
Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. Master plan of South-to-North Water Diversion Project [R]. Beijing: Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China, 2002.
|
| [35] |
张金良, 景来红, 李福生, 等. 南水北调西线工程总体布局及一期工程方案研究 [J]. 人民黄河, 2023, 45(5): 1‒5.
Zhang J L, Jing L H, Li F S, et al. Study on overall layout and phase Ⅰ project of west route of South-To-North Water Diversion Project [J]. Yellow River, 2023, 45(5): 1‒5.
|
| [36] |
胡鹏, 王浩, 赵勇, 等. 南水北调西线工程水源区可调水量"十问" [J]. 中国工程科学, 2024, 26(2): 210‒223.
Hu P, Wang H, Zhao Y, et al. Ten questions on adjustable water volume of the western route of South-To-North Water Diversion Project [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2024, 26(2): 210‒223.
|
| [37] |
钮新强, 万蕙, 刘琪. 引江补汉工程关键技术挑战 [J]. 中国水利, 2022 (18): 15‒17, 11.
Niu X Q, Wan H, Liu Q. Key technical challenges of the river diversion project from the Yangtze River to the Han River [J]. China Water Resources, 2022 (18): 15‒17, 11.
|
| [38] |
胡春宏, 郭庆超, 张磊, 等. 数字孪生流域模型研发若干问题思考 [J]. 中国水利, 2022 (20): 7‒10.
Hu C H, Guo Q C, Zhang L, et al. Thinking on some problems in the development of professional models for digital twin basins [J]. China Water Resources, 2022 (20): 7‒10.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
