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我国废弃物循环利用体系建设路径与发展建议
Construction Paths and Development Suggestions for China's Waste Recycling System
废弃物循环利用是我国可持续发展的重要组成部分，是国家发展规划的重要战略任务之一。本文梳理了我国废弃物循环利用的主要成效与未来发展趋势，辨识了废弃物循环与减污降碳协同潜力未充分发挥、技术创新和研发力度不足、可持续商业模式缺乏、标准认证体系不规范、现有法律法规和标准体系建设协同性不足等问题。在此基础上，针对新能源固废、废弃高分子材料、工业固废跨产业协同、城市多源废弃物耦合4个废弃物循环利用的重点领域，从源头建立绿色生产和设计体系、优化回收过程网络、促进废弃物产品再利用和服务创新3个角度，进一步提出了各重点领域全过程的废弃物循环利用体系建设路径与主要任务。为推动我国废弃物循环利用体系的高质量建设，本文从循环与减污降碳协同增效、重大技术研发与产业化、激发再生产品的提质升级与规模化应用、助力废弃物循环利用的智能化精细化管控、加强要素保障等方面提出了发展建议。
Waste recycling is an important component of China's sustainable development and one of the strategic tasks of the national development plan. This study first sorts out the major achievements and development trends of waste recycling in China, and identifies the existing problems, such as unexploited potential in recycling and carbon reduction, insufficient technological innovation and scientific research, lack of sustainable business models, non-standard standards certification system, and insufficient coordination of existing laws, regulations, and standards system. On this basis, the study focuses on four key areas of waste recycling: new-energy solid waste, waste polymer materials, cross-industry coordination of industrial wastes, urban multi-source waste coupling. From the three perspectives of establishing a green production and design system at the source, optimizing the recycling process network, and promoting waste product reuse and service innovation, the construction paths and major tasks of the waste recycling system in each important field are proposed. To promote the high-quality construction of China's waste recycling system, this study also proposes development suggestions from aspects of synergistic enhancement of recycling and carbon reduction, development and industrialization of major technologies, quality upgrading and large-scale application of recycled products, intelligent and refined management of waste recycling, and safeguarding of key elements.
循环利用体系建设路径 / 新能源固废 / 高分子材料固废 / 工业废弃物跨产业协同 / 多源废弃物耦合
construction paths of recycling system / new-energy solid waste / polymer material solid waste / cross-industry coordination of industrial waste / multi-source waste coupling
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