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中国绿色建造： 发展理念、主导方向与技术创新
Green Construction in China: Development Concept, Leading Directions, and Technological Innovation
绿色建造是建筑业落实绿色化发展要求、缓解资源环境压力、实现绿色低碳转型的有效方式，我国绿色建造从概念提出到应用完善已有多年，进展显著、问题鲜明的情况共存，因而进一步探讨未来发展较为迫切。本文立足广泛的调查研究，在较为全面掌握建筑业绿色发展态势的基础上，阐明了绿色建造的概念、内涵与发展价值，总结了我国绿色建造的发展历程和代表性进展，剖析了我国绿色建造存在的问题。展望我国绿色建造发展，需贯彻以人为本的发展理念，在建造过程中以“建造人”为本、以“使用人”为本、以“相关人”为本；应围绕建造全程一体化、资源利用高效化、废弃物与碳排放减量化、工程管理精益化、建造过程智能化、工程作业专业化等主导方向，着力突破以精益建造、装配式建造、绿色低碳建材和装备、施工机械自动化及作业机器人为代表的绿色建造技术体系。研究建议，加速推进绿色建造的工程管理体制机制改革，加强绿色建造技术研究与示范，研究和编制强制性推进绿色建造的规范标准，强化绿色建造知识体系教育，更好支撑建筑业绿色和高质量发展。
Promoting green construction is an effective way for the construction industry to implement the national green development requirements, relieve the pressure on resources and environment, and achieve green and low-carbon transformation. It has been nearly 20 years since the concept of green construction was proposed and applied in China; remarkable progress has been made while distinct problems exist. Based on extensive investigation and research while considering the green development situation in the construction industry, this study expounds on the concept, implications, and development values of green construction, summarizes the development history and representative progress, and analyzes the major problems regarding green construction in China. The development of green construction should implement the concept of people-oriented development, taking builders, users, and related persons as the foremost in the construction process. Focus should be placed on the following leading directions: integration of the entire construction process, efficient utilization of resources, waste and carbon emission reduction, lean engineering management, intelligent construction process, and professional engineering operations. Breakthroughs should be achieved for key technologies regarding green construction, including lean construction, prefabricated construction, green low-carbon building materials and equipment, construction machinery automation, and working robots. The study suggests that the construction industry should promote the reforms of project management systems and mechanisms for green construction, strengthen the research and demonstration of green construction technologies, formulate mandatory standards for promoting green construction, and boost green construction education, thereby supporting the green and high-quality development of the construction industry.
建筑业 / 绿色建造 / 以人为本 / 资源节约 / 环境保护 / 精益管理 / 碳减排
construction industry / green construction / people-oriented / resource conservation / environmental protection / lean management / carbon emission reduction
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