PDF(628 KB)
PDF(628 KB)
PDF(628 KB)
量子信息科技与产业发展态势及未来展望
Development Trends and Future of the Quantum Information Technology and Industry
量子信息技术是国际科技前沿技术，是大变局时代的关键科技变量，也是大国科技、综合国力和军事竞争的战略高地。本文梳理了国外量子信息领域的战略布局、主要方向的发展态势及我国量子信息领域的发展现状，结合国家战略需求，分析了我国进一步发展量子信息科技和产业面临的优势与挑战，并应用科技体系工程思维方法，通过研究产业技术应用研发和集成创新途径，面向量子信息技术形态、产品形态和产业生态，提出以量子计算关键赛道为牵引，系统布局量子信息产业发展；抓住自主可控关键节点，系统部署量子信息产业链；面向应用场景引导国家量子重大工程应用项目研发方向；十年积累，培育量子信息科技人才等发展建议，以为我国量子信息产业发展提供借鉴与参考。
The quantum information technology represents the frontier of international scientific and technological advancements, serving as a pivotal technological variable in the era of great changes and a strategic high ground for technological, and national power, competitions among major powers. This study reviews the strategic layouts and development trends of key directions in the field of quantum information abroad, as well as the current development status in China. By integrating these insights with national strategic needs, it analyzes the advantages and challenges faced by China in further developing quantum information science and technology and its related industries. Applying the thinking methodology of science and technology system engineering, and by investigating the research and development (R&D) of industrial technology applications and integrated innovation pathways, this study proposes, with a focus on quantum information technology forms, product forms, and industrial ecosystems, to systematically layout the development of the quantum information industry with quantum computing as a key driving force; to systematically deploy the quantum information industry chain by grasping the critical nodes of autonomy and controllability; to guide the R&D directions of national significant quantum engineering projects based on application scenarios; and to cultivate quantum information science and technology talents over a decade. These suggestions aim to provide insights and references for the development of China's quantum information industry.
量子信息 / 量子计算 / 量子通信 / 量子测量 / 量子产业
quantum information / quantum computing / quantum communications / quantum measurement / quantum industry
| [1] |
李硕, 李欣欣, 张雪松, 等. 国外量子信息战略布局分析及启示 [J]. 信息安全与通信保密, 2024, 22(5): 11‒20.
Li S, Li X X, Zhang X S, et al. Analysis and enlightenment of foreign quantum information science strategic layout [J]. Information Security and Communications Privacy, 2024, 22(5): 11‒20.
|
| [2] |
QURECA.Quantum initiatives worldwide 2024 [EB/OL].(2024-04-01)[2024-10-12]. https://www.qureca.com/quantum-initiatives-worldwide/.
|
| [3] |
Subcommittee On Quantum Information Science Committee on Science. National quantum initiative supplement to the president's Fy2023 budget [EB/OL]. (2023-01-06)[2024-10-12]. https://www.quantum.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/NQI-Annual-Report-FY2023.pdf.
|
| [4] |
Department for Science, Innovation & Technology of UK. National quantum strategy [EB/OL]. (2023-03-01)[2024-10-12]. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1142942/national_quantum_strategy.pdf.
|
| [5] |
Government of Canada. Canada's national quantum strategy [R]. Ottawa: Minister of Innovation Science and Industry, 2023.
|
| [6] |
宋姗姗, 钟永恒, 刘佳, 等. 量子信息领域的国家战略布局与研发态势分析 [J]. 世界科技研究与发展, 2024, 46(1): 21‒35.
Song S S, Zhong Y H, Liu J, et al. Analysis on national strategy layout and R&D trend of quantum information field [J]. World Sci-Tech R&D, 2024, 46(1): 21‒35.
|
| [7] |
Government of Japan. Moonshot Goal 6: Science, technology and innovation- cabinet office home page [EB/OL]. [2024-10-12].https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/moonshot/sub6_en.html.
|
| [8] |
IBM quantum summit 2023 [EB/OL]. [2024-12-10]. https://www.ibm.com/quantum/summit-2023.
|
| [9] |
Quantinuum launches industry-first, trapped-ion 56-qubit quantum computer, breaking key benchmark record [EB/OL].(2024-06-05)[2024-12-10]. https://www.quantinuum.com/press-releases/quantinuum-launches-industry-first-trapped-ion-56-qubit-quantum-computer-that-challenges-the-worlds-best-supercomputers.
|
| [10] |
范桁. 量子计算纠错取得突破性进展 [J]. 物理学报, 2023, 72(7): 7‒9.
Fan H. Breakthrough of error correction in quantum computing [J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(7): 7‒9.
|
| [11] |
Peruzzo A, McClean J, Shadbolt P, et al. A variational eigenvalue solver on a photonic quantum processor [J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5: 4213.
|
| [12] |
TNO joins European collaboration to develop global quantum internet enabled from space [EB/OL].[2024-12-10]. https://www.tno.nl/en/newsroom/2023/09/laiqa-european-quantum-internet-space.
|
| [13] |
Barzanjeh S, Pirandola S, Vitali D, et al. Microwave quantum illumination using a digital receiver [J]. Science Advances, 2020, 6(19): eabb0451.
|
| [14] |
Blakey P S, Liu H, Papangelakis G, et al. Quantum enhanced LIDAR using nonlocal dispersion [R]. San Jose: 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), 2022.
|
| [15] |
Stolz R, Schmelz M, Zakosarenko V, et al. Superconducting sensors and methods in geophysical applications [J]. Superconductor Science and Technology, 2021, 34(3): 033001.
|
| [16] |
Stray B, Lamb A, Kaushik A, et al. Quantum sensing for gravity cartography [J]. Nature, 2022, 602(7898): 590‒594.
|
| [17] |
Shvyd'ko Y, Röhlsberger R, Kocharovskaya O,et al, Resonant X-ray excitation of the nuclear clock isomer 45Sc [EB/OL]. (2023-09-27)[2024-12-10]. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06491-w.
|
| [18] |
贺青, 邵海明, 梁成斌. 电磁计量学研究进展评述 [J]. 计量学报, 2021, 42(11): 1543‒1552.
He Q, Shao H M, Liang C B. Review on the research progress of electromagnetic metrology [J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2021, 42(11): 1543‒1552.
|
| [19] |
中国信息通信研究院.量子信息技术发展与应用研究报告(2023年) [R]. 北京: 中国信息通信研究院, 2024.
China Information and Communications Research Institute. Report on the development and application of quantum information technology (2023) [R]. Beijing: China Information and Communications Research Institute, 2024.
|
| [20] |
Deng Y H, Gu Y C, Liu H L, et al. Gaussian boson sampling with pseudo-photon-number-resolving detectors and quantum computational advantage [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2023, 131(15): 150601.
|
| [21] |
我国第三代自主超导量子计算机上线 [EB/OL].(2024-01-06)[2024-12-10]. https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202401/content_6924690.htm.
China's third-generation domestically-developed superconducting quantum computer is now online [EB/OL]. (2024-01-06)[2024-12-10]. https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202401/content_6924690.htm.
|
| [22] |
"祖冲之三号"量子计算云平台网址 [EB/OL]. [2024-12-10]. https://quantumctek-cloud.com/login.html.
The website address for the "Zu Chongzhi No.3" quantum computing cloud platform [EB/OL].[2024-12-10]. https://quantumctek-cloud.com/login.html.
|
| [23] |
The website address for the "Wuyue" quantum computing cloud platform [EB/OL]. [2024-12-10]. https://platform.qboson.com/login.
|
| [24] |
李晓巍, 付祥, 燕飞, 等. 量子计算研究现状与未来发展 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24(4): 133‒144.
Li X W, Fu X, Yan F, et al. Current status and future development of quantum computation [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24(4): 133‒144.
|
| [25] |
Guo S A, Wu Y K, Ye J, et al,A site-resolved two-dimensional quantum simulator with hundreds of trapped ions [J].Nature, 2024, 630: 613‒618.
|
| [26] |
Shao H J, Wang Y X, Zhu D Z, et al. Antiferromagnetic phase transition in a 3D fermionic Hubbard model [J]. Nature, 2024, 632: 267‒272.
|
| [27] |
Cai W Z, Mu X H, Wang W T, et al. Protecting entanglement between logical qubits via quantum error correction [J]. Nature Physics, 2024, 20: 1022‒1026.
|
| [28] |
李静, 高飞, 秦素娟, 等. 量子网络系统研究进展与关键技术分析 [J]. 中国工程科学, 2023, 25(6): 80‒95.
Li J, Gao F, Qin S J, et al. Research progress and key technologies of quantum network systems [J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2023, 25(6): 80‒95.
|
| [29] |
Chen J P, Zhou F, Zhang C, et al. Twin-field quantum key distribution with local frequency reference [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2024, 132: 260802.
|
| [30] |
Liu J L, Luo X Y, Yu Y, et al. Creation of memory‒memory entanglement in a metropolitan quantum network [J]. Nature, 2024, 629: 579‒585.
|
| [31] |
ICV Tank, 光子盒研究院. 2023全球量子计算产业发展展望 [R]. 北京: ICV Tank, 光子盒研究院, 2024.
ICV Tank,Quantum China. 2023 global quantum computing industry development prospect [R]. Beijing: ICV Tank, Quantum China, 2024.
|
| [32] |
Hu X M, Guo Y, Liu B H, et al. Progress in quantum teleportation [J]. Nature Reviews Physics, 2023, 5: 339‒353.
|
| [33] |
赵浴阳, 周鹏飞, 解天鹏, 等. 单光子激光雷达技术发展现状与趋势 [J]. 光电工程, 2024, 51(3): 7‒29.
Zhao Y Y, Zhou P F, Xie T P, et al. Development status and trends of single-photon LiDAR technology [J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2024, 51(3): 7‒29.
|
| [34] |
陆军, 张雪松, 栾添, 等. 量子信息系统发展探讨 [J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2018, 13(5): 497‒501.
Lu J, Zhang X S, Luan T, et al. The discussion of quantum information system [J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2018, 13(5): 497‒501.
|
| [35] |
陆军, 许守任. 重视"公基""母机", 强化新基建两大底层支撑 [N]. 科技日报, 2020-06-19(05).
Lu J,Xu S R. Emphasize "public benchmarks" and "industrial foundation machines", strengthen the two fundamental supporting pillars of new infrastructure [N]. Science and Technology Daily, 2020-06-19(05).
|
| [36] |
安达, 龚振炜, 陈岩, 等. 量子信息技术工程化应用发展初探 [J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2022, 17(8): 809‒815.
An D, Gong Z W, Chen Y, et al. Tentative exploration on the development of engineering application of quantum information technology [J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2022, 17(8): 809‒815.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
