新形势下我国商业航天高质量发展研究
王海南 , 周志成 , 高志华 , 丁睿 , 周靖恒 , 仲小清 , 王萌 , 王鑫 , 陆诗清 , 张浩 , 王海宁 , 朱钰婷
中国工程科学 ›› : 1 -12.
新形势下我国商业航天高质量发展研究
High-Quality Development of China's Commercial Space Industry under New Situations
商业航天是建设航天强国的重要力量、战略性新兴产业的重要发展方向,“十五五”时期将进入以高质量发展为主题的新发展阶段,重大机遇与关键挑战并存。本文在辨析国际商业航天竞争格局演变、动因、新进展的基础上,研判了提升规模化进出太空能力、支撑新一代空间基础设施建设、抢占全球太空经济制高点等我国商业航天发展的战略需求以及相应的行业发展特征,厘清了规模化发展加速、创新能力稳健提升、产业链逐步构建、全球服务能力初步形成等发展现状以及核心技术攻关缓慢、统筹协调机制不畅,产业发展生态待优化、国际市场开拓难度加大等面临的挑战。建议采用“技术 – 生态 – 市场”融合发展策略,强化基础、加快核心技术突破,完善生态、提升航天整体能力,市场牵引、促进规模化融合应用,传承航天系统工程、以数智赋能发展,精准推动我国商业航天高质量发展。
Commercial space is an important force in strengthening China's space sector and an important development direction of strategic emerging industries. During the 15th Five-Year Plan, China's commercial space industry will enter a period of rapid development focused on high quality as the theme, featuring both major opportunities and critical challenges. Based on the analysis of the evolution, driving forces, and new progress of the international commercial aerospace competition landscape, this study assesses the strategic demands of China's commercial space development, such as enhancing the capacity for large-scale space access, supporting the construction of the new-generation space infrastructure, and promoting China's competitiveness in the development of global space economy. It also explores the corresponding industry development characteristics. Moreover, the study clarifies the current development status of China's commercial space industry, including accelerated large-scale development, steady improvement in innovation capabilities, gradual construction of industrial chains, and initial formation of global service capabilities. Additionally, it highlights the challenges faced, including the slow progress in core technology research and development, poor coordination mechanisms, the need to optimize the industrial development ecosystem, and increased difficulties in expanding into the international market. Furthermore, a technology–ecosystem–market integrated development strategy is proposed to precisely promote the high-quality development of China's commercial space industry. Specifically, it is recommended to strengthen the foundation to accelerate breakthroughs in core technologies, improve the ecosystem to enhance the overall space capabilities, leverage the market to promote large-scale integrated applications, and inherit space systems engineering while empowering space development with digital intelligence.
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