火灾安全科学致力于揭示火灾过程的机理和规律，并且为火灾防治提供技术原理。20世纪后期以来，火灾安全科学的发展令人瞩目。文章介绍了火灾安全科学兴起的背景和发展史，论述了这门学科的任务，并系统阐述了当前火灾安全技术层面的发展重点和需要解决的重要基础问题。

During the past several decades, much progress has been made in fire safety science which aims at understanding the complexities of fire behavior as well as providing the technological principle for fire safety engineering. In this paper, the background and history of fire safety science are reviewed, the major fire safety technological principles to be developed are summarized, and the significant fundamental research topics are outlined in detail.