基于对钢铁工业发展历史的回顾和对中国钢铁企业结构调整的现状分析, 阐述了钢铁制造流程的解析与集成以及技术进步的方向,探讨了不同类型钢材的生产工艺,分析和展望了未来钢厂结构的发展模式以及投资决策问题。指出钢铁工业的时代命题是:市场竞争力和可持续发展；21世纪钢铁生产流程的功能将朝着冶金功能——低能耗、低物耗、高效率地生产新一代钢铁产品，并降低单位产品的投资额； 能源转换功能——形成工业生态链甚至转换出新能源；社会废弃物处理功能——实现环境友好。钢厂将逐渐向都市周边型钢厂或生态工业钢厂的模式发展。

The development of steel industry and the present situation of restructuring of Chinese steel enterprises are reviewed in this paper . The analysis and integration of steel manufacturing process and the direction of technological progress are described. The production processes for different steel products are discussed and the structure and mode of steel plants and investment decision are prospected. It is pointed out that market competitiveness and sustainable development are the time´s topic of steel industry. In the 21st century, the functions of steel production process will move towards following targets：

——For metallurgical function - producing new generation steel products based on low energy consumption, low material consumption and high efficiency and low specific investment cost.

——For energy conversion function - forming the industrial ecological chain, even converting into an advanced energy.

——For wastage treatment function - realizing environment friendliness.

Steel plants will be developed into two typical modes： the city peripheral steel plant and the steel plant located in the ecological industry zone.