论述了水射流技术在我国石油工程中的研究和应用情况。应用实验方法建立了淹没非自由射流压力及水功率衰减计算模型，建立了以井底获得最大水功率，优选水力参数设计的新方法和新模型。应用瞬态流理论及水声学原理建立了两种谐振腔的基本关系式和结构数学模型。建立了在钻井双向应力作用下，岩石裂纹发展方向模型。介绍了研制的3种新型高效钻头，即加长喷嘴牙轮钻头、自振射流钻头和射流及机械联合破岩钻头。展望了水射流技术在超高压射流钻井、稠油及低渗油藏开采、提高采收率等方面的应用前景。

This paper presents the study and applications of water jet technology in petroleum engineering. A mathematic model of pressure and water power attenuation, under the condition of submergence and nonfreedom, is setup through experiments. A novel method and its model are established to gain maximum hydraulic power at bottomhole and optimize water parameters. In addition, the basic equation and structure model of two kinds of resonating chamber are set up according to transient flow theory and hydro-acoustics. Under the impact of drilling biaxial stress, a model of predicting the fracture propagation is founded utilizing rock fracture mechanics. On the base of above models and theories, three new kinds of bits, i.e. extended nozzle roller bit, self-resonating water jet bit and combined jet and mechanical rock-cutting bit, are developed. Also, the paper points the prospects of applications of water jet technology in deep-well drilling, low-permeability reservoir production, and enhanced oil production.