以西方军用航空发动机可靠性和寿命管理为蓝本，阐述了可靠性和寿命管理的基本要素，并结合我国航空发动机可靠性和寿命管理的现状，讨论了我国航空发动机可靠性和寿命管理工作存在的差距和误区，指出了我国航空发动机可靠性寿命管理工作落后的根源在于管理观念落后、管理体制不健全、基础工作薄弱、标准不完善。参照西方国家的管理理念，构建和完善我国航空发动机可靠性和寿命管理是必要的，但完全照搬西方标准并不可取。正确做法是结合我国的现状，走出一条合乎国情的道路。

Based on the reliability and life management on aeroengines used in army in western countries, the basic elements of aeroengine reliability and life management are expatiated, and the differences and errors about reliability in China are discussed. The reason that the reliability and life management lag behind is pointed out, for example, outmoded management concept, inadequate management system, weak groundwoork, imperfect standard Finally, the paper points out the proper way to construct and improve the reliability and life managtment in China.