为了研究不同防灭火安全措施下火灾引起的建筑结构整体坍塌的概率，对典型建筑物的火灾荷载进行了统计分析。利用建筑物火灾的规律及概率与统计理论，给出了典型建筑物的火灾荷载及火灾持续时间的概率分布函数。分析了由火灾引起建筑物坍塌的影响因素，并根据火灾统计结果，得到了写字楼在极端情况下由火灾引起的楼房坍塌概率与其耐火极限时间的关系，导出了一般建筑由于火灾引起的坍塌概率的简单估算方法。

With the architectonic development, steel structure is used in more and more architectures. Because of the bad fire performance of steel structure, collapse may occur. In the American 911 accidents, the fire caused by airplane crash led to collapse of WTC, mass and personnel loss is huge. Therefore researches of building collapse caused by fire are very necessary. The absence of knowledge regarding fire dynamics linked to the fact that fire can be considered a random phenomenon has led to general use of prescriptive fire regulations all over the world. This paper mainly introduces the research on collapse probability of building.

According to statistical theory and characteristics of building fire, the probability distribution functions of fire load and the fire duration time of office buildings are presented. The influencing factors to the building collapse under the condition of fire are studied. Based on the fire statistic results, fire dynamical theory and characteristics of building fire, an evaluation method of the collapse probability of building caused by fire is developed in this paper.