从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。

In view of the development of the solidification science and practice, the present paper introduces the basic framework of the current solidified materials system and the basic principles in main developing stages of solidification science. On the basis of modern science and in connection with the modification and improvement of traditional materials, and the developing requirement of new materials, solidification science and technology, as part of the basic component of material science and engineering is carrying out in wide scale research and development in the fields of high-quality castings, directional solidification, crystal growth, rapid solidification, solidification of melt supercooling and other new type and extraordinary solidification processes aiming at precisely controlling structure, shape and properties of products. In this paper some of the above-mentioned work is also described and the developing trend is reviewed.