
铝电解用Fe-Ni-Co-Al2O3金属陶瓷惰性阳极
邱竹贤、石忠宁、徐君莉
Fe - Ni - Co - Al2O3 Cermets Inert Anode for Aluminum Electrolysis
Qiu Zhuxian、 Shi Zhongning、 Xu Junli
研制了一种新型铝电解金属陶瓷惰性阳极,阳极基体由Fe-Ni-CoAl2O3构成。在石墨坩埚中,960℃温度下,电解质中的氧化铝质量分数为6.0%,摩尔比为2.6;阳极电流密度为1.0 A/cm2,阳极尺寸大小为120 mm×80 mm×15 mm,石墨阴极尺寸大小为120 mm×40 mm×20 mm,通入的直流电为100~300 A,电解时间各为10 h;实验所得的电解铝产品纯度达到98%以上,杂质主要为Fe,Ni,Co;电解后的阳极外观尺寸无明显变化,阳极气体中氧气质量分数达到98%~99%。阳极的反电动势为2.45 V,比理论分解电压仅高出0.25 V证明该阳极为惰性阳极,在电解槽中进行的是Al2O3的分解反应。
A bench-scale laboratory cell of 100 A was tested using cryolite-alumina electrolyte at 960℃ in a graphite crucible. The cell was built with a graphite cathode of 120 mm×40 mm×20 mm and a Fe - Ni - Co -Al2O3 cermet inert anode of 120 mm×80 mm×15 mm. The purity of aluminum metal produced was 98%〜99%, the impurities were mainly Fe, Ni and Co. The anode gas consisted of 98%〜99% O2 which was analyzed with an Orsat apparatus. The back EMF value of the cell was 2.45 V at 960℃ , which was 0.25 V higher than the theoretical alumina decomposition potential 2.2 V. After 10 hour's electrolysis, the anode was only little corroded. Hence it was confirmed that the electrochemical reaction occurred in the electrolysis cell was the decomposition of Al2O3 in the bath and the anode used was inert.
aluminum electrolysis / inert anode / back EMF value
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