科学技术创新在石油工业发展中起着极其重要的作用。我国石油工业从无到有，从技术落后到技术成熟的历史发展过程，无不与科学技术进步紧密相联。其中，科学哲学思想对于技术理论创新具有重要的指导作用。以几个石油工业中技术理论创新的实例，分析了波普尔科学哲学思想在技术理论创新中的指导作用。

Scientific and technological innovation plays an extremely important role in the development of the petroleum industry which is a capital-intensive, skill-intensive and talent-intensive trade. The historical evolution which is from nonexistence to existence, from backward in technique to technology ripe in the petroleum industry of China is closely linked to the progressive development of science and technology invariably. Technological innovation and theory break through play a key role in the development of petroleum industry. Among them, philosophy of science has important guiding functions to technological theories innovation. Based on some examples that petroleum industy technological and theory innovation set out, the guiding function Popper philosophy of science thought during the technological innovation.