论述了中医学的性质与特点，以及中医理论的形成与发展。中医理论来源于实践，是古人长期与疾病斗争的大量实践，从实践经验的积累、综合到感性认识上升为理性认识，并广泛借鉴古代哲学、人文科学的思想、方法、世界观，逐渐形成以整体观为特点的系统化、理论化的中医理论；强调了中医药现代化的目的是全面提高中医药防病治病能力，不断发展创新；讨论了中医理论现代化的内容、重点及注意事项进行。

This article discusses the essence and characters of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as well as the formation and devopment of the TCM theory. TCM as a science, which is aimed to cure the sickness and save the patient, belongs to the category of applied science. It is a natural science with the characters of the social science and humanities. The experience medicine was the dominating content of the ancient TCM, while it progresses to the modernization TCM in the modern times. TCM theory took its source at a great deal of practice which was a long time fight with disease. From the accumulation and integration of the practice experience to the perceptual cognition and then sublimated to rational cognition, TCM theory widely adopted the ideology and method as well as the Weltanschauung of the ancient philosophy and humanities, and then gradually developed to the systemic TCM theory. This article emphasizes that the aim of the TCM modernization is entirely improving its ability of preventing and curing disease. The key of the TCM modernization is constant development and innovation, including the modernization of the herb and medicine as well as the theory of the TCM. This article will especially discuss the content and emphases in the modernization of the TCM theory, and some things that should pay attention to are also included.