炼锌工业中广泛使用由无缝钢管冷弯而成的冷却管来实现锌液的冷却。冷却管的使用寿命非常短，消耗量相当大。锌液的表面张力小，渗透性强，腐蚀性强，能与冷却管中的铁元素生成铁-锌合金，能溶解冷却管中碳、硅等元素，锌液对冷却管的强腐蚀性，是影响锌液冷却管使用寿命的决定性因素；锌液冷却管的损坏是高温腐蚀和应力腐蚀共同作用的结果，热应力和残余应力促使其损坏由高温腐蚀向应力腐蚀发展；冷却管损坏位置由热应力和残余应力共同决定，其中热应力起主导作用。

Cooling pipe made of 20^# seamless tube is widely used to cool liquid zinc in zinc smelting industry. Since its life is especially short, the consumption of cooling pipe is very high. By using finite element analysis method, the thermal stress distribution is obtained and the site of the maximum thermal stress lies in the joint of bent section and straight section and inclines to the bent section. The residual stress is measured by using the cut method. Liquid zinc has low surface tension and high permeability and corrosivity. It can form Fe~ Zn alloy with steel in the cooling pipe and can dissolve C and Si in cooling pipe. Liquid zinc is not compatible with cooling pipe. Therefore, the compatibility is a decisive factor on the life of cooling pipe in liquid zinc. The damage of the cooling pipe in liquid zinc is caused by high temperature corrosion and stress corrosion. Thermal stress plays an important role between the thermal stress and the residual stress in determine the position of the damaged site of the cooling pipe in liquid zinc.