通过唯象分析和细观统计相结合的方法建立了一种韧性材料的损伤演化方程，从物理上对方程中的参数进行了合理的解释，并以此为依据推导了材料的便于工程应用的几种层裂准则，根据准则总结了一些有意义的层裂规律；通过层裂实验和数值模拟相结合的方法来确定材料参数，计算结果与实验结果较好的一致性验证了所建的损伤演化方程和推导的层裂准则是合理的，决定材料参数的方法是有效的。

In this paper, a new kind of damage evolution equation is presented by the method of phenomenological analysis and microscopic statistics. And on the basis of this several spallation criterions are established, which are used easily in engineering. By the numerical simulations of the free surface velocity histories and based on the best consistence between the computational results and the experimental ones, the material parameters in the damage evolution equation and the spallation criterion are obtained. The satisfactory agreement between the computational results and the experimental ones show that the new form of damage evolution equation and the spallation criterion are reasonable, and the method of determining the material parameters is effective.