通过大量事故案例及对现有安全理论的分析，将所有事故分为3类：自然事故、随机事故和人为事故，根据这3种事故的特点采用数学方程进行描述、量化，从数学模型角度论述事故发生的必然性、随机性和可预防性，以及不安全的绝对性和安全的相对性的辩证关系。同时根据数学模型提出了完整的、科学的事故预防基本对策。

Three basic types of accidents are proposed in this paper, that is, inevitable, random and man-fault accident types, which are described by mathematical equations, so a quantificational concept of safety theory is defined. From this point, traditional safety theories are supported by mathematical equations. At the same time, the general approaches to prevent accidents are outlined.