总结了国外航天运输系统的现状及发展趋势；对比分析了我国长征系列运载火箭的现状和差距；提出了增强我国进入空间能力的五个发展方向，即改进现役运载火箭、研制新一代运载火箭系列、发展快速机动发射小型运载火箭、具备载人登月及深空运输能力、探索重复使用运输技术。

The paper describes the present situation and development trend of the launching system in space activities abroad, and analyzes the situation of China´s “Long-March” rockets and the gap between China and foreign countries in that regard. The paper also proposes 5 development directions for enhancing China ´s spaceentering capacity： renovating active launching vehicle; developing the next generation of rocket series; developing small-sized rockets that can be launched quickly and flexibly; developing launching vehicles capable of manned lunar landing and outer space exploration; exploring the techniques for reusing launching vehicles.