工程是指运用特定的相关的工程科学、工程技术和管理原理，优化集成整合生产要素和资源，遵循 必要的程序、设计文件、规范、规程和标准，在一定的约束条件下对自然进行改造所实施的建设（包括决策、设 计、建造、评价）活动和过程，其最终成果是一个具备预定功能的“工程实体”。工程的本质就是各种利用和改 造自然的群体性活动方式的总和。工程的基本特征有集成性、群体性、动态性和合约性。工程与科学技术的 紧密关系反映了科学技术工程一体化，反映了工程与科学技术的融合、统一及互动作用。

Engineering is a construction activity and process to reform the nature under certain restriction (including decision. ,design, construction and evaluation), following necessary procedure, design documents,  regulations, rules and standards to integrate basic production elements and resource with specific related engineering science, engineering technology and management principles, its final result is an engineering body with predetermined functions. The essence of engineering is the sum of mass activities to utilize and reform the nature. The basic characters of engineering are integration, mass involved, dynamic and with agreement. The close relationship between engineering and science and technology expresses the incorporation of engineering and science and technology, as well as confluence,  unity and interaction of engineering with science and technology.