History of uranium exploration and the general situation of identified uranium resources in China are introduced briefly in the paper, and the feature of uranium resources is summarized as “a large number of deposits, good ore processing properties and centralized occurrence” which should be considered as the advantages. In accordance with the fact that the exploration level of uranium resources is quite low in China, it is pointed out that exploration investment must be intensified from now on to identify more uranium concentrated bases which occurring of middle to large size uranium deposit in order to meet the demand of natural uranium from nuclear power sector. Besides, major scientific and technological achievements on uranium exploration during the past fifty years are elaborated in the paper. According to the exploration ability and uranium resources potential in China, it is believed that uranium exploration can realize the goal of “getting break through both at home and abroad” and meet the requirement of nuclear industry to uranium resources in China by carrying out the uranium resources exploration strategy of “rooted in domestic and opening up abroad”.