核废物最少化是核裂变能可持续发展的关键问题。加速器驱动次临界系统（ADS）是一种高效的核废物嬗变器（或焚烧炉），是解决核废物的关键技术。文章主要介绍了ADS的基本原理及其对先进加速器、先进冷却性技术等方面的带动作用，并对各国ADS的研究现状进行了比较，最后提出了ADS发展必须解决的关键问题及其与国内核能发展的关系。

The minimization of the nuclear waste is the key problem for the long term and sustainable nuclear energy development.Accelerator driven system (ADS) is a kind of high efficient nuclear waste transmutation machine (or incinerator), which is the key technique to solve the nuclear water problem. The basic theory of ADS and driven influence of ADS on the advanced accelerator, advanced cooling technique, etc are introduced. Meanwhile the present research situations of ADS in some countries are compared. At last,the key problem of the ADS development and the relationship between ADS and the development of nuclear energy in China is discussed.