我国西南地区处于青藏高原周边地带，位于印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞带东侧附近，地质构造十分复杂，地质灾害严重。结合宝成、贵昆、成昆、襄渝、南昆、内昆、渝怀等西南复杂地质艰险山区重要干线铁路的勘察设计、施工和运营，总结概括了西南铁路地质灾害的基本情况，并较系统地介绍了几种主要地质灾害的铁路地质勘察和工程防治技术经验。

China southwest area locates at the edge of Qinghai-Tibet plateau and is close to east side of collision zone between India plate and Eurasian plate where the geologic structure is quite complicated with serious geologic hazard. Combined with the survey and design, construction and operation of such important trunk railway lines as Bao-Cheng railway, Gui-Kun railway, Cheng-Kun railway, Xiang-Yu railway, Nan-Kun railway, Nei-Kun railway and Yu-Huai railway, etc., in complicated southwest mountainous region, the general condition of geologic hazard of southwest railway is summarized and the railway geologic survey and engineering control technique experience for several kinds of main geologic hazard are systematically presented.