通过脑功能磁共振技术，研究健康人参与语言的词语配对联想学习记忆任务的脑区和神经机制。对16名右利手健康志愿者进行一项词语配对联想学习记忆任务作业的同时，进行脑功能磁共振扫描。实验采用组块设计，实验任务（包括记忆编码相和记忆提取相）与对照任务（共两个相）交替进行；数据采用SPM99软件进行数据分析和脑功能区定位。结果表明：左侧额叶，特别是左侧额叶的额中下回和枕叶的18，19区在词语联想学习记忆的编码阶段中起重要作用；而左侧顶上小叶、缘上回和角回则在进行记忆提取阶段起重要作用；左侧纹状体边缘区参与了人脑词语联想学习记忆作业的编码阶段。揭示了人大脑完成语言联想学习记忆任务时，除额、顶、枕和颞叶的皮层结构参与外，还新发现有皮层下结构如纹状体参与了词语联想学习记忆。在配对词语的编码和提取阶段，激活的脑区有所变化，显示了这两个语言阶段的神经活动变化机制。

This paper is to investigate the activated brain areas and the neuronal mechanism of Chinese paired-word associated learning and memory in healthy volunteers by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique. 16 right-handed normal volunteers participated in a test of paired-word associated learning and memory, while the fMRI data were recorded. Control tasks were performed for the block-design. SPM 99 was used to analyze the data and to get the activated brain regions. 14 volunteers passed the paired-word associated learning and memory task. Both cortex and subcortical structures were activated. The brain cortex areas include the bilateral frontal lobes, the bilateral parietal lobes, the bilateral occipital lobes, the bilateral cingulate gyrus and the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus with extremely left hemisphere predominance and the left temporal lobe were activated by both coding and retrieval stages of the paired-word associated learning and memory task. The subcortical structures including the striatum and its marginal division (MrD) were activated with left predominance, the caudate and the thalamus were also activated during the tasks. However, the left occipital lobe and the middle and inferior frontal gyrus of the left frontal lobe were more activative than others in scope and brightness during the coding stage of the paired-word associated learning and memory task, while the left parietal lobe and dorsolateral part of the middle frontal gyrus were more activative than others in scope and brightness during the retrieval stage of the paired-word associated learning and memory task. The left middle and inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe, the left lateral parts of the occipital lobe, the left superior lobule and supramarginal gyrus and the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe might play more important roles in the paired-word associated learning and memory task than the rest of the cortex. The MrD of the striatum was mainly involved in coding stages of the paired-word associated learning and memory task. The results of this study revealed that the subcortical structures mainly the striatum as well as the cortex were involved in the associated learning and memory of language in human brain. The transform of activated brain areas from the coding stage to the retrieval stage of the Chinese paired-word learning and memory was described and its neural mechanism was discussed.