探测系统是获取辐射场特征信息的核心器件，是实施脉冲辐射探测的关键和技术基础，其性能直接决定测试数据的质量和测试方法的选择。对影响脉冲辐射探测的性能指标进行系统描述、表征是探测系统设计、研制、实际应用和综合性能评价的基础。用于复杂能谱脉冲中子、伽马混合辐射场时间谱、强度谱测量的探测系统，主要性能包括探测灵敏度、时间响应、能量响应、线性电流和中子、伽马分辨能力等指标参数，这些参数的获得与实现，需要根据中子、伽马射线与物质相互作用的基本原理，构建相应的探测结构和技术原理。在设计上，综合权衡能量收集和电荷收集方式选择、几何效率完备和高信噪比结合、信号响应和直照响应分离、探测效率与时间特性兼顾、综合性能与使用可靠性一致等设计原则，综合应用这些原则构成了探测系统设计方法。

Detection system makes the core equipment for collecting feature information of radiation fields, and is the key point and technical basis for carrying out pulsed radiation detection. Its performance directly determines the choice of measuring method and the quality of measured data. A systematic description of characteristic parameters affecting its performance in pulsed radiation detection is the basis for the design, development, application and comprehensive performance assessment of the detection system. Main parameters of detection systems for measuring time spectrum and intensity of mixed pulsed neutron/gamma radiation fields include detection sensitivity, time response, energy response, linear current and discrimination of neutron to gamma rays, etc. To realize these parameters in designing a detection system, certain detection construction and technical principles have to be established in accordance with the basic interaction principles of neutron/gamma rays with materials. Designing principles include balancing energy collection with charge collection, geometry efficiency with high signal-noise ratio, separation of signal response from irradiation response, detection sensitivity with time response, overall performance with application reliability, etc. The designing technology of radiation detection systems can be developed with an integrated utilization of these principles.