根据单波束超声波测距原理，向模拟海底钴结壳微地形的水池表面发射超声波，应用自适应滤波方法可以估计超声回波信号的时延，使最小均方误差（LMS）后的回波信号与参考信号之间方差达到最小值，此刻的延时量就是渡越时间t，从而求出探头与目标之间的距离。通过计算机仿真和试验结果表明,将最小均方误差自适应时延法应用于海底微地形高程数据的测量,获得测距精度高，能够适用于海底微地形的探测。

ccording to the principle of single-beam measurement, using ultrasonic transducer ultrasound wave was launched to the seabed floor. Ultrasonic transducer sent ultrasonic signal as a reference signal,the echo signal was delayed several times. Through continuous adjustment of the quantity of delay time, the minimum mean square (LMS) error was gained between the reference signal and the echo signal. The delay time equals to promulgation time. The product of delay time and ultrasonic wave velocity is the distance between ultrasonic transducer and seabed floor. Computer simulation and test results indicated that using minimum mean square error method to measure seabed microtopography, the high precision can be obtained. It can be applied to the seabed microtopography survey.