从我国能源结构实际出发，通过理论和实践的分析，提出了适度发展煤化工，实现一部分煤代油的思路和观点，论述了实施煤化工替代石油化工战略的必要性和意义；概述了主要煤化工产品的技术工艺与市场并分析了竞争力。在此基础上，提出了适度发展煤化工，实施煤代油战略的具体设想和建议。同时，就煤化工发展中备受关注的水资源、碳排放等焦点问题提出了自己的观点。

This article proposes the way of thinking and viewpoints for implementing the strategy of coal replacing oil in view of actual situation of energy structure in China by means of explanation and analysis on theory and practice, expounding the necessity and significance of implementing the strategy of coal chemical industry replacing oil chemical industry from several respects, summarizes the technical process and market situation of several main coal chemical industry products, and makes comparison and analysis on their competitiveness. Based on this, this article explicitly proposes the detailed ideas and suggestions for implementing the strategy of coal replacing oil. At the same time, the article makes analysis and explanation on several focus issues such as water resource and carbon emission that attract much attention during the development of coal chemical industry, and proposes its own viewpoints.