在爆炸载荷下，反射拉应力波是导致混凝土防护结构震塌的主要原因。材料的动态抗拉强度是结构抗爆防震塌设计所必须考虑的主要参量，抑制或减弱拉伸冲击波的强度是防护结构设计的一个重要目标。研究了混凝土和钢纤维增强混凝土的动态力学性能以及它们结构的爆炸震塌响应。试验表明，高强混凝土C100的抗震塌能力还不如普通混凝土C40；加入体积含量2 %的钢纤维可有效提高混凝土的强度以及结构的抗震塌能力；而且加入相同含量的钢纤维后，纤维增强C100混凝土的抗震塌能力与增强C40混凝土相比并无明显不同。应用一维应力波理论近似分析，揭示了抗震塌设计的动力学机理，分析表明，“三明治”复合层结构可以有效提高结构的抗震塌能力，此分析为设计具有更好抗爆能力的防护工程提供了科学依据。

Under explosive loading, a tensile stress wave is a main cause to induce spalling collapse of concrete protective structures. The tensile strength of material is a most important parameter to be considered in structural design against the collapse under explosion. How to reduce the strength of tensile stress wave is a key problem for underground protective structure designers to solve. Formulations, that are often used currently to describe the minimum deepness of underground protective structure against spalling collapse, were deduced based on many assumptions for simplification. The structural characteristics, the propagation of shock waves and material dynamic properties are not considered in these formulations. Thus, they are not valuable to analysis precisely the protective structures against explosion, so that they must be improved.In this paper, dynamic properties of concretes and their steel fiber reinforced concretes and the collapse behavior of underground structures subjected to explosive loading are studied. The experimental results show that the anti-collapse capability of an underground structure with high strength concrete C100 is poorer than that of normal concrete C40. And the strength of reinforced concrete by 2 % steel fiber fraction in volume obvious increases and its anti-collapse (spalling) capability is also largely enhanced. However, the difference of the anti-collapse (spalling) capability between reinforced C100 concrete and reinforced C40 concrete with same steel fiber fraction is very small. Furthermore, the dynamic mechanism of anti-collapse design of underground structures subjected to explosive loading has been investigated also in this paper by using one-dimensional stress wave theory. The analysis represents that "sandwich composite structure"  can obvious increase the anti-collapse strength of underground protective structures subjected to explosive loading.