微地震监测是地球物理学中的一个重要研究方向，它在油田勘探开采等众多领域有广泛的应用。从微地震的形成机理出发，介绍了微地震的发展历程。重点讨论了微地震监测系统的重要组成部分、关键技术和微地震监测的具体实施，最后讨论了微地震未来的发展与趋势。

Microseismic (MS) monitoring is a hot topic in the applied geophysics recently. The MS mechanism and histories are introduced firstly in this article, and then the instruction of the MS equipment such as acquisition strategies, optimal sensors, array design, digital-signal processing, event location, velocity calibration, and monitoring deployment, is discussed. MS is a great technology with a long future, and we need to foster the understanding and acceptance of this technology.