本文以渤海海峡隧道设想方案的施工风险为评估对象，采用层次分析法（AHP）-模糊综合评价法对渤海海峡隧道的施工风险进行了识别和评价，认为渤海海峡隧道施工风险等级为三级，为高风险隧道。分析了影响风险等级的关键风险为隧道掘进机（TBM）主轴承制造风险、突水突泥风险和施工通风风险，并根据这些风险的特征提出了风险对策建议和尚需解决的关键问题，为渤海海峡隧道的决策提供参考，同时也为跨海隧道的规划、设计以及施工方案的制定提供参考。

The identification and estimation of construction risks of Bohai Strait tunnel are made by means of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, with the construction risks estimation of existing devised program of Bohai Strait tunnel as an example. The results show that the construction risk grade of Bohai Strait tunnel is grade Ⅲ. The key construction risks of Bohai Strait tunnel, including manufacturing of main bearing of tunnel boring machine (TBM), mud/water bursting and ventilation,are analyzed, and the countermeasures and problems to be solved are presented. The paper can provide reference for the construction program determination of Bohai Strait tunnel and for the planning,design and construction program of sea-crossing tunnels in the future.