论述了晶体材料，重点是固体氧化物燃料电池组件的导电机理，介绍了影响电导率的几个因素。针对不同的电解质和电极材料，讨论了几种常用的测量电解质和电极总电导率、电子电导率以及离子电导率的方法，并指出在测量中需要注意的问题。

The conductive mechanism of crystal material, especially of the solid oxide fuel cell components is detailedly discussed in this article. Several influence factors that affect the conductivity of materials are also mentioned. Some commonly used measurements for electrolyte and electrode materials, such as total conductivity, electronic conductivity and ion conductivity measurements are introduced. Besides, the issues which should be noticed are pointed out in these measurements.