本文介绍了美国核电站基于性能指标的核安全相关抗震概率设计方法（performance-based method，PBM）的发展，较为系统地对PBM方法进行了阐述和讨论。在目前的研究成果和现有的规范标准归纳和总结的基础上，阐明了PBM的主要内容，其中包括：根据不同的性能要求对系统、结构和部件进行分级；确定系统、结构或部件的性能要求指标；确定基于概率地震危害性评价（PSHA）的地震动输入；系统、结构或部件概率极限值（fragility）计算；保证系统、结构或部件概率极限值有足够的裕度，以达到规定的性能指标5个方面。对PBM的进一步研究和发展提出了建议。

This paper introduces the development of performance-based method (PBM) for seismic design and evaluation of nuclear safety related structure in nuclear power station in U. S., and systematically explains and discusses the PBM. Based on the updated research and available standards and codes, the main content of PBM includes following 5 aspects: Category of systems structures and components(SSC) according to different performance goal, Determination of performance goal of SSC, determination of seismic input based on PSHA, Fragility Analysis of SSC, and ensure sufficient conservatism of fragility safety to reasonably achieve target performance goal. This paper also gives some recommendations on the research and development of PBM in the future.