仿生与生物启发的思想和策略在众多基础与工程科学领域取得了重要进展。研究者们通过借鉴和模仿自然界中生物材料多样的组成、精巧的结构、温和的形成过程以及强大的功能，设计制备了多种高性能膜材料，并将其应用于水处理、气体分离、有机小分子液体混合物分离等领域，显示出良好的应用前景。仿生和生物启发膜主要是以细胞膜、荷叶和贻贝等为仿生原型，以生物矿化、生物黏合和自组装等为工具，以绿色、高效、节能为目标，在资源、能源高效利用和可持续发展等方面会发挥越来越大的作用，并逐步发展成为膜和膜过程领域的重要分支。本文将对仿生和生物启发膜的研究进展进行简要总结，重点介绍抗污染膜、杂化膜和复合膜的制备与应用。

Biomimetics and bioinspiration strategy has achieved important advances in many fundamental and engineering science areas. A variety of biomimetic and bioinspired membranes with high performance have been designed and prepared by imitating the different compositions， delicate structures， mild formations and exceptional functions of biological materials in nature. These membranes have found broad applications in water treatment， gas separation and organic liquid mixture separation. Through imitating or inspired by the prototypes of cell membrane， lotus leaf and mussel， biomimetic and bioinspired membranes are fabricated by biomineralization， bioadhesion， and self-assembly methods to achieve the goal of green， high-efficiency and energy-saving. These membranes will play more and more important roles in efficient use and sustainable development in resources and energy， and is going to be an important branch in membrane and membrane process. This article will briefly summarize the recent progress in biomimetic and bioinspired membranes， especially the preparation and application of antifouling membranes， hybrid membranes and composite membranes.